澳门维护国家安全法立法研究 论文.doc

澳门《维护国家安全法》若干问题思考 彭 勃* （深圳大学 法学院 广东518060） 【内容摘要】澳门制定《维护国家安全法》填补了《澳门刑法典》在预防和打击危害国家安全的犯罪活动上的空白，是一国两制“澳门特色”的体现，具有重要的政治与法制意义。该法不仅落实了澳门特别行政区维护国家安全的宪制责任，而且以科学立法和民主立法的方式，实现了一次生动地爱国主义教育。因而，澳门的成功经验对香港落实相关立法必然产生一定的借鉴作用。然而，这部法律的制定，不仅时间上一拖再拖，引发一些反制事件，而且也存在法条含义模糊、欠缺适用条件和诉讼程序、解释方法等问题。目前学术界关于该法的研究远远不能满足理论与实践的需要。本文将对澳门《维护国家安全法》的背景、酝酿过程、草案及其争议等重要问题进行梳理，比较国外相关立法和该法保留与删除的内容，评析立法的成功与不足之处，预测立法的适用前景，以期对完善一国两制框架下的法制建设做出建设性的贡献。 【关键词】维护国家安全 法律适用 法律解释 程序设计 【Abstract】Macau enacted to safeguard national security law to fill in the Macao Penal Code to prevent and combat the blank on the criminal activities that endanger national security, is the embodiment of Macanese one country, two systems, with important political and legal system, meaning. The law is not only to implement the constitutional duty of the Macao Special Administrative Region to safeguard national security and scientific legislation and the democratic way of legislation, it also a very good patriotic education. Because of that, the successful experience of Macao national security law will produce a certain reference to Hong Kong . However, the formulation of this law, not only the time dragged on, causing some of the counter-event, the law is ambiguous, lack of applicable proceeding conditions and explaining methods. Academic research on the method is far from satisfying the needs of the theory and practice. This article will maintain the National Security Law in the background to sort out important issues of the brewing process, the draft dispute, compare the relevant legislation and the law of the foreign reserves and delete the contents of the Analysis of legislative success and inadequacies, forecasting legislation the application of prospects, in order to improve the legal system building in the country, two systems under the framework of making a constructive contribution. 【keyword】safeguard national security