语法专项虚拟语气.ppt

* * Chen Jing 2008.12.26 Follow me to learn grammar If I were a boy, I would join the army. If she had time, she should go with you. If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition. If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off. Examples: 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时， 主句和从句谓语动词的形式： 与将来事实相反 与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 主 句 条件状语从句 had + 过去 分词 should/would/could/might + have + 过去分词 一般过去时(be用were) would/should/could/might + 动词原形 一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形 Would/should/cold/might + 动词原形 （1）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整(错综时间条件句)。 If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在) Pay attention to this note ! 1.Were I a boy, I would join the army. 2.Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded. 3. Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain. Pay attention to this note ! (2)有时侯在使用时可省略if,句子则可换成下列形式，即“were / had / should +主语”。 (3) 用介词短语but for; without ;with.等 代替条件状语从句 What would you do with a million dollars?(=if you had a million dollars,) Pay attention to this note ! If he were free, he would go with you. 1.如果他有空，他会与你一起去的。 2.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。 If I had married her, I would have been unhappy. 3.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事. If he came here tomorrow, (If he were to come here tomorrow,) I would tell him about it. But for your help yesterday ,I couldn’t have done it well.（=If it had not been for your help yesterday, ……) 4.昨天要是没有你的帮助，我肯定不会做的那么好。 I wish it were spring all the year round. I wish I had known the answer. I wish I could fly like a bird. wish后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气 wish + that clause had done (过去) did/were（现在） would / might /would do （将来） 虚拟语气用于名词性从句 I wish I remembered the address. 我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了） I wish he had not left. 要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开） I wish it would rain tomorrow. 要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨） 1.We all suggest that he ( should ) finish his homework first. 2.The captain commanded that all the sailors ( should ) get down to work at once. 3. It’s request