Unit 1 Cultural relics 第5课时 sructures.ppt

策划：《学生双语报》 The mooncake that has egg in it is the mooncake which I like best. The mooncake is the mooncake. 不成立 大多数定语从句是限定性定语从句。 非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切， 只是对先行词作些附加的说明, 如果去掉, 主 句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往 往用逗号分开，一般不用that引导。非限制性 定语从句中，关系词不可省略。 e.g. I have a dog, which can do many things for me. 1).This is the book I like best. 这就是我最喜欢的那本书。 2).Beijing, which has been China’s capital for more than 800 years , is rich in cultural and historic relics. 北京是中国八百年之久的古都，它有着丰富的文化和历史遗产。 4. 翻译时，限制性定语从句可译为一句（较短的一般译为的字结构）；而非限制性定语从句可译为两句。（见上句翻译） 比较: He has a sister, who is a musician. He has a sister who is a musician. 引导非限制性定语从句的关系词都不可以 省略。指人时用 who,whom, whose , 指物 时用 which , whose; 关系副词 when， where, why, etc. He studied hard at school when he was young, which leads to his success in his later life. as which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别： (1) 位置的不同 which 引导的定语从句只置于所限制的 句子后；as 位置较灵活，也就是说as可置于所限制的句子前面；插在句子中或放在句子后。 1. He was late again, which made his teacher very angry. 2. Jack, as you know, is an honest man. 或 Jack is an honest man , as you know. 或 As you know, Jack is an honest man. (2) 先行词的不同 as引导非限制性定语从句时，其先行词多为一个句子； which引导非限制性定语从句时，其先行词可以是一个词，一个短语或一个句子。 He was proud, which his brother never was. （先行词是一个词） She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was. （先行词是一个短语） He was proud, which I dislike very much. （先行词是一个句子） 2. He is an honest man, as is known to all.  He was a foreigner, as I know from his accent. (3) as 一般译为正如就像，这一点 as we all know；as you know; as is known to all; as you see; as we can see; as has been expected; as we have imagined. This is the way (that) /in which I do such things. 比较: Please do the experiment in the way (that/which) I have shown you. 当 way 做先行词时，后面引导定语从句 的关系词可以有三种情况： 用 that 或 which ; 用 in which ; 什么也 不用。 The film brought the hours back to me ____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village. A. until B. that C. when D. where 2. He paid the boy $ 10 for washin