工程机械概论-盾构机综述论文.doc

盾构机综述盾构机，全名叫盾构隧道掘进机，是一种隧道掘进的专用工程机械，现代盾构掘进机集光、机、电、液、传感、信息技术于一体，具有开挖切削土体、输送土碴、拼装隧道衬砌、测量导向纠偏等功能，涉及地质、土木、机械、力学、液压、电气、控制、测量等多门学科技术，而且要按照不同的地质进行“量体裁衣”式的设计制造，可靠性要求极高。盾构掘进机已广泛用于地铁、铁路、公路、市政、水电等隧道工程。 用盾构机进行隧洞施工具有自动化程度高、节省人力、施工速度快、一次成洞、不受气候影响、开挖时可控制地面沉降、减少对地面建筑物的影响和在水下开挖时不影响水面交通等特点，在隧洞洞线较长、埋深较大的情况下，用盾构机施工更为经济合理。Shield machine, all named shield tunnel boring machine, it is a kind of special tunneling engineering machinery, modern shield machine with light, machine, electricity, liquid, sensor, information technology in a body, has the excavation cutting soil, conveying soil design, assembly tunnel lining, measuring guide action, and other functions, involving geology, civil, mechanical, mechanical, hydraulic, electrical, control, measurement and the multi-discipline technology, and according to the different geological act according to actual circumstances type, the design and manufacture of high reliability requirement. Shield machine has been widely used in the subway, railway, highway, municipal, water and electricity construction of tunnel. This paper concludes wrote shield machine classification and Numbers, basic structure, working principle, development trend, the brief introduction. With shield machine for tunnel construction has a high degree of automation, saving manpower and construction speed is quick, a into a cave, and not affected by weather, excavation can control the ground settlement and reduce the influence of the building to the ground and in the water when excavation does not affect the water transportation characteristics, in tunnel hole line is longer, buried deep under the condition of large, with shield construction is more economic and reasonable. 1.盾构机含义： 盾构机，全名叫盾构隧道掘进机，是一种隧道掘进的专用工程机械，现代盾构掘进机集光、机、电、液、传感、信息技术于一体，具有开挖切削土体、输送土碴、拼装隧道衬砌、测量导向纠偏等功能，涉及地质、土木、机械、力学、液压、电气、控制、测量等多门学科技术，而且要按照不同的地质进行“量体裁衣”式的设计制造，可靠性要求极高。盾构掘进机已广泛用于地铁、铁路、公路、市政、水电等隧道工程。 优点如下:1不受地面交通、河道、航运、季节、气候等条件的影响。2能够经济合理地保证隧道安全施工。3盾构的掘进、出土、衬砌、拼装等可实行自动化、智能化和施工运输控制信息化。4掘进速度较快，效率较高，施工劳动强度较低。5地面环境不受盾