青藏铁路爆破施工对冻土环境的影响及对策-环境科学学报.pdfVIP

28 1 Vol. 28, No. 1 2008 1 Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae Jan. , 2008 . 2008. [ J]. , 28( 1): 204 - 208 FuH X. 2008. Q ingh a2iTibet raiwl ay constru ction: ermafrost disturbance and rotective countermeasures[ J]. Acta Scientiae Circum stantiae, 28( 1): 204 - 208 傅洪贤 北京交通大学隧道及地下工程研究中心, 北京 100044 : 20062 11229 : 2007205209 : 20072 102 19 : , 1142km, 550km. / 0/ 0/ 0 3. , , . , , , . , 8. : ; ; ; : 025322468(2008) 012204205 : X53 :A Q inghai2T ibet railway construction : perm afrost disturban ce and protective counterm easures FU Hongxian Tunnel andUnderground Engineering Research Center ofM in istry ofE du cation, Beijing JiaotongU n iversity, Beijing 100044 R eceived 29 Novemb er 2006; received in rev ised form 9May 2007; accepted 19 Octob er 2007 A bstract: Th eQ inghai2Tib et raiwl ay is the h ighest in theworld of its 1142km length, 550km is bu ilt on ermafrost. Conquering the lack ofoxygen ath igh altitude, mastering th e characteristics of ermafrost and rotecting the ermafrost env ironment are three key technological challenges. S herical and column ch arge ex losives were u sed to create test craters on the Q inghai2Tib et Plateau, and the hysical2mechan ica l ro erties of ermafrost were measured to obtain ermafrost b lasting arameters. Trials of longhole b lasting were also carried out and th e o tmi al b lasting arameters of the ermafrost determ ined. A series of countermeasureswere ado ted in order to avoid thaw ing the ermafrost and destab ilizing the slo e. A ccording to the observations, eight months after the b lasting, the disturb ed ermafrost return ed to its in itial state. K eywords: Q inghai2Tibet railway; ermafrost; blasting; environment . , 2001 1 ( Introduction)