选修8 UNIT5 词汇讲解.doc

Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors 1. alternative n．可能的选择adj.供选择的，其他的 Can you think of the alternatives we would use today？(教材P37) 你能想出今天我们使用的替代品吗？ I offered the alternative suggestions of spending the vacation in the mountains or by the sea. 我提议这次要么到山区要么到海边度假。 have the alternative of doing sth. 有做……的选择；可以做…… have no alternative/choice but to do sth. 别无选择只好做…… alternative/choice/selection alternative 一般强调在只有两种可能性或者行为方式之间进行的选择。 choice 泛指从一组人或物中进行的自由选择。 selection 含有从许多可供选择的人或物中择优选择的意思。 ④(2013·天水高二质检)In this school，the students have three ________ courses and seven ________ courses. A．required；alternative B．requiring；alternative C．require；alternate D．require；alternative 2．starvation n．挨饿；饿死 Did they suffer from cold，starvation or disease？(教材P37)他们遭受寒冷，饥饿或疾病吗？ There are many people suffering from starvation in the world at present. 现在，世界上仍然有许多人在挨饿。 starve vt. vi.(使)饿死；渴望 starve...to death 使……饿死 starve to death 饿死 starve for sth.渴求/需要什么 starve to do sth.想要干某事 starve sb.into sth./into doing sth. 断绝食物(或资金)来源以迫使某人做某事 3. It_is_a_great_pleasure_to_meet you students from England，who are interested in archaeology.(教材P38)很高兴见到你们这些来自英国的且对考古学感兴趣的学生。 这是一个复合句。who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students；主句部分It is a great pleasure to meet you students from England，是一个以it作形式主语的句子，真正的主语是to meet you students from England。 It is very important for us to learn English well. 对我们来说学好英语非常重要。 it作形式主语的句型有： It＋be＋n./adj.＋v.ing结构 It＋be＋n./adj.＋(for sb.)to do sth. It＋be＋n./adj.＋of sb.to do sth. It＋be＋n./adj.＋that.. 【提示】　在此句型中表示赞扬或批评的形容词是wise，clever，stupid，foolish，kind，nice，good，rude，cruel等时，介词of不能换成for。此句型也可以转换成sb.＋be＋adj.＋to do sth.。 She was foolish to waste money on such clothes. 她很愚蠢花钱买这种衣服。 4．interrupt v．打断；中断；插嘴 Im sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here？(教材P38)对不起，打断了你(的讲话)，请问他们怎么能够住在这个地方呢？ Dont interrupt the speaker；ask questions afterwards. 不要打断演说者，等他讲完后再问问题。 ①interruption n．中断；阻断物 without interruption 不间断地 ②interruptive adj.阻碍的；打扰的 I managed to work for two hours