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English in Optoelectronic Information Technology Chapter 2 Wave Optics * Chapter 2. Wave Optics 光电信息技术专业英语 * The interference pattern just described also arises when a single wave strikes a barrier pierced by two narrow slits. The wave passes through the slits, which act as if they were new sources of waves (Figure 2.10). 当单一波到达一个带有两个狭缝的障碍物时，刚才描述的干涉条纹同样会产生。波穿过狭缝，貌似两个新的波源（图2.10）。 The waves emerging from the two slits must have the same frequency because they were generated from the same initial wave. 这两个狭缝产生的波一定会具有相同的频率，因为它们产生自于同一原始波。 2.3 Interference of Light Because the incident wave crests strike both slits at the same time, the waves passing through the two slits also have the same phase. The slits thus act like two sources of identical frequency and phase, a condition known as coherence. 因为入射波的波峰同时到达狭缝，波动穿过狭缝后依然具有相同的相位。狭缝处于是可以看作具有相同频率和位相的两个波源，正是熟知的相干条件。 The emerging waves produce an interference pattern exactly like the one described for two sources. This type of interference occurs for all kinds of waves and is known as double-slit interference. 正在形成的波形成的干涉图与两个波源的干涉图非常相似。这类干涉现象适用于所有的波，并被称为双缝干涉。 2.3 Interference of Light Thomas Young’s experimental setup [Fig 2.11(a)] allowed sunlight emerging from a small aperture to strike two very small slits. 托马斯·杨的实验装置如图（2.11a），使得阳光从一个小缝隙出射照射到两个很小的狭缝上。 When light from the two slits fell upon a screen, dark strips appeared, dividing the area into regularly spaced light and dark portions. [Fig 2.11(b)] shows the appearance of a typical double-slit pattern, made with the red light of a helium-neon laser. 当从这两个狭缝产生的光线照射到屏幕上，暗条纹将出现，把该区域划分为明暗相间的部分。图（2.11b）所示为红色的氦氖激光产生的典型的双缝干涉条纹。 2.3 Interference of Light Young recognized that for interference to occur, the light falling on the two slits must be coherent. The purpose of the first aperture was to ensure that the only light striking the two narrow slits came from the same source and was th