2004 全国研究生入学统一考试 英语试题.docx

2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section IIUse of EnglishManytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquency(crimescommittedbyyoungpeople)focuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories___21___ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior___22___theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough___23___withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggest thatchildrencommitcrimesin___24___totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus,__25____asarejectionofmiddle-classvalues.Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies,___26___thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes___27___lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheories,however,aretentativeandare___28___tocriticism.Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly___29___juvenilecrimerates.Forexample,changesintheeconomythat___30___tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment__31____makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin___32___leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior.Familieshavealso___33___changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofone-parenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents; ___34___,childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome___35___wascommoninthetraditionalfamily__36____.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other__37____causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschool,theincreased___38___ofdrugsandalcohol,andthegrowing___39___ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact,__40____adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.21[A] acting[B] relying[C] centering[D] commenting22[A] before[B] unless[C] until[D] because23[A] interaction[B] assimilation[C] cooperation[D] consultation24[A] return[B] reply[C] reference[D] response25[A] or[B] but rather[C] but[D] or else26[A] considering[B] ignoring[C] highlighting[D] discarding27[A] on[B] in[C]