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动名词 一、动名词及动名词短语的构成 1. 构成方式： 语态 　时态 主动 被动 一般式 完成式 2.　否定式： ______+动名词(doing)的各种形式 3.动名词的复合结构 动名词具有动词的特征，因此它可有自己的逻辑主语。如果需要指出动名词动作的发出者，可在动名词前加一物主代词、名词所有格、名词或人称代词宾格来修饰，表示动名词逻辑上的主语,这样就构成了动名词的复合结构。 Do you mind _____________(I) making a suggestion? ___________(they) coming to help was a great encouragement to us. My _____________(daughter) staying up so late worried me. I know nothing about the window__________( be) open. Are you disappointed at there not _______(be) more gifts? She was awakened by someone _____________(knock) at the door. 二、动名词的句法功能 （一）动名词作主语 1.动名词作主语多表示经常性的、习惯性的动作。 __________(swim) has its laws. __________ (talk) mends no holes.　空谈无济于事。 _____________(learn) without practice is no good. 2. 动名词作主语，有时句中使用形式主语it而将真正主语（动名词）放到句尾。常用的结构有： It is +n. + doing. It is + adj. + doing There is (was) no doing It is no use___________( write) to him; he never answers letters. It is good ____________(play)chess after supper. There is no___________(hold) back the wheel of history. 适用于It is以上结构的 名词（短语）有：no use, no good, fun, a waste (of time), a great pleasure, 等 形容词有：useless, nice, good, interesting, worthwhile, foolish, dangerous 等。 It is no good ________(learn) without practice. It is a waste of time (worthwhile) ___________(discuss) such matters. 3.句型“There be +doing”中做主语，用于说明“不允许、禁止某种活动或是某件事情的发生或存在。类似一种建议、命令等。 1) There is no _________(joke)about such matters .2) There is no __________(deny)the fact that China has made a rapid progress in every aspect since it was founded .不容抵赖这个事实，中国自它成立以来已在各个方面都取得了飞速的发展。3) There is no __________(litter) about . 不许乱扔杂物。 （二）动名词作宾语 动名词（短语）作宾语包括作谓语动词的宾语和作介词的宾语两个概念。 作介词的宾语： 　 She left without_________( say) goodbye to us. He insisted on ____________(watch)the football game. They succeeded in __________(get) over all the difficulties. They all objected to _________(put)the meeting off. 2.在一些动名词（短语）作介词in的宾语的结构中，介词in可以省略。这些结构有： 1） difficulty trouble S+ have+ problem + (in) doing …