艾灸足三里预防流感.pptVIP

一、什么叫非谓语动词？与谓语动词有什么区别？ 非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。 它不受人称和数的限制 非谓语动词有哪些不同的形式？ Ⅰ.动词不定式 动词不定式的基本形式是“to＋动词原形”，有时可以不带to。动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。　 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。 1. 作主语。作主语的动词不定式常用it替代，动词不定式(或短语)放在后面。 It＋be＋adj.＋(for/of sb.)＋(not) to do 做某事怎么样。(在kind, good, nice, clever 等表示人的品质的形容词后，用of。)如： It’s easy to get lost in a big city like Tokyo. 在东京这样的大城市容易迷路。 It is dangerous for children to swim alone. 对孩子来说，独自游泳是危险的。 It is kind of you to help me mend the computer. 帮我修电脑，你真好！ 2. 作宾语。一些谓语动词后只能用动词不定式作宾语，常见的这类词有：would like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。 如：Indians like to eat hot food. 印度人喜欢吃辣味食品。 有的动词不定式在作带有补足语的宾语时，前面往往带有形式宾语it。 如：Do you think it necessary for us to learn to wait？ 你认为学会等待对我们来说有必要吗？ 注：一些不带to的动词不定式有：why not do..., had better (not) do..., would rather do, could/would/will you please (not ) do...等。如： You’d better finish the work before Monday. 你最好星期一前完成工作。 2. 作宾语 A. 跟不定式作宾语的常见动词: （１）hope, want , expect, wish, desire, like, love, dislike ,hate, plan, intend, mean, prepare, decide, determine, afford, fail, manage, try、dare, help , promise、refuse、 learn、offer、 agree、forget ,bother . 3. 作表语 A.表示按计划和安排将要发生的事情。 He is to marry Rose. B.表示主语的内容，但侧重于目的性。 Her wish was to become an artist. C. 表示情态意义(应该, 必须)。 The form is to be filled in and returned within a week. She is to blame. 不定式作定语 不定式主动表示被动 1. Do you have any clothes to be washed? I have some clothes to wash, so I can’t go with you. With some clothes to wash, I can’t go with you. 2. Give me some novels to read. Please give me a piece of paper to write on. 3. I can’t get enough food for all of us to eat. 4. There is nothing to worry about. 5. This book is difficult (for sb) to read. 6. This house is to let. Who is to blame for it? 6. 不定式作状语 2).不定式作结果状语 作结果状语的不定式常用于一些固定搭配中。如:too …to, enough to，sufficient to，only to，never to，so + 形容词/副词 + as to, such + 名词+ as