数据通信与网络复用.ppt

Chapter 8 Multiplexing Introduction To accommodate data and telecommunications usage increasing, We can add individual lines each time a new channel is needed or we can install higher capacity links and use each to carry multiple signal. Multiplexing is the set of techniques that allows the simultaneous transmission of multiple signals across a single data link. In a multiplexed system, n devices share the capacity of one link. Multiplexing versus no multiplexing 8.1 Many to one/one to many (多合一/一分多) In a multiplexed system, n devices share the bandwidth of one link. MUX(复用器): combines the individual information into a single stream, many to one. DEMUX(分解器): separate the stream back into its component transmission and direct them to their intended receiving devices, one to many. path(通路): a physical link. channel(信道): a portion of a path that carries a transmission between a given pair of devices 8.1 Many to one/one to many (多合一/一分多) 8.2 Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM) 8.2 Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM) In FDM, signals generated by each sending device modulate different carrier frequencies. These modulated signals are then combined into a single composite signal that can be transported by the link. Carrier frequencies are separated by sufficient bandwidth to accommodate the modulated signal. These bandwidth ranges are the channels through which the various signals travel. Channels can be separated by strips of unused bandwidth (guard bands,警戒带宽) to prevent signals from overlapping. FDM multiplexing process, time-domain FDM multiplexing process, frequency-domain Each source generates a signal of a similar frequency range. Inside the multiplexer, these similar signals modulates different carrier frequencies (f1, f2, and f3). The resulting modulated signals are then combined into a single composite signal that is sent out over a media link that has enough bandwidth to accommodate it. The demultiplexer uses a series of filters to decompose the multiple