浪漫主义时期历史背景及诗人简介.doc

浪漫主义时期历史背景及诗人简介.doc

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浪漫主义时期历史背景及诗人简介

浪漫主义时期-1832) 背景:Political and social factors: 1. The American and French revolution: an upsurge of national liberation and democratic movements ? ? American revolution (1775-1783)—The formation of the independent United States. ? ? French revolution of 1789—“Liberty, equality and fraternity” 2. The Industrial Revolution? Effect:1. One of the main effects of the rapid and vast economic changes was the urbanization of the growing population. 2. The conditions of the working poor in the cities was intolerable. 3. There were children working in dark, dangerous factories. 4. The working classes and the poor lived in polluted, congested slums. Mass epidemics like typhoid fever afflicted the slums. The romantics, the liberals, the socialists, the anarchists and the communists all emerged with their ideologies at this point in history to criticize these man-made horrors. 3. The Luddite movement?(工人运动) 思想文化背景: Edmund Burke 埃德蒙??伯克( Page 2) ??—Reflection on the Revolution in France (1790)《法国革命感想》 Thomas Paine 托马斯??潘恩(page 3) ??—Rights of Man (1791) 浪漫主义简介: It was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850. Partly a reaction to the Industrial Revolution, it was also a revolt against aristocratic social and political norms of the?Age of Enlightenment?and a reaction against the scientific?rationalization?of nature. ?It was embodied most strongly in the visual arts, music, and literature, but had a major impact on historiography,?education and the?natural sciences. ?Its effect on politics was considerable and complex; while for much of the peak Romantic period it was associated with?liberalism?and radicalism, in the long term its effect on the growth of?nationalism was probably more significant. The term was used in Germany and France at the end of 18th and beginning of 19th C to classify a new movement in literature, especially in

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