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1. What Is ICS ?ICS is the model tool for command, control, and coordination , is a standardized, on-scene, all-hazards incident management approach .2. ICS Principlesa. Most Incidents Are Managed Locally. b.Field Command and Management Functions Be Performed in Accordance with a Standard Set of ICS Organizations, Doctrine, and Procedures.c. ICS Is Modular and Scalable. d. ICS Has Interactive Management Components. e. ICS Incorporates Measurable Objectives. f. ICS Establishes Common Terminology, Standards, and Procedures that Enable Diverse Organizations to Work Together Effectively . g. The Implementation of ICS Should Have the Least Possible Disruption On Existing Systems and Processes. h. ICS Should Be User Friendly and Be Applicable Across a Wide Spectrum of Emergency Response and Incident Management Disciplines. ICS Management Characteristics共同的术语（Common Terminology） 模块化组织（Modular Organization）3．目标管理（Management by Objectives）4．依靠突发事件行动预案（Reliance on an Incident Action Plan，IAPs） 5．可操控的管理幅度（Manageable Span of Control）6.预置的突发事件场所与设施（Predesignated Incident Locations and Facilities）为了满足各种需要，比如消毒、处理捐赠物资、伤员护理和 撤离，在发生事件的临近地区，要建立各种各样的行动场所 和支持设施。全面的资源管理（Comprehensive Resource Management） 整合的通讯（Integrated Communications） 指挥的建立与转移（Establishment and Transfer of Command） 10．指挥的链条和指挥的统一（Chain of Command and Unity of Command）11．联合指挥（Unified Command） 12．责任制（Accountability）13．调度（DeploymentSteps of Management by Objectives（目标管理步骤）The steps for establishing incident objectives include: Step 1: Understand agency policy and direction. Step 2: Assess incident situation.Step 3: Establish incident objectives. Step 4: Select appropriate strategy or strategies to achieve objectives. Step 5: Perform tactical direction. Step 6: Provide necessary followup.5.Elements of an IAPEvery IAP must have four elements: ? What do we want to do? ? Who is responsible for doing it? ? How do we communicate with each other? ? What is the procedure if someone is injured?6.影响管理幅度的因素有哪些？Span of cont