g++中的局部静态变量的初始化机制及线程安全.docx

经典的meyers singleton模式想必大家都知道，其简要实现如下：template typename TT * T?::GetInstance(){??static?T ?instance;?return?instance;}局部静态变量在代码第一次执行到的时候才初始化，它不但可以延迟到全局对象初始化之后，甚至可以延迟到有人需要它的时候，才被构造出来，随需应变，挺帅吧？嗯，还有一些小问题，就是静态条件发生下局部静态变量可能被初始化多次（是吗？）、析构的时机不要把控等等（可参考 pattern hatching p61)。局部静态变量的析构，和全局对象一样，在main函数退出前进行(局部静态对象的析构是通过向std::atexit函数注册析构函数完成的，可参考modern c++ designer p147)。?那么这段代码在竞态条件发生时效果会如何呢？(实验证实g++的默认实现这段代码是线程安全的，想知道为啥，继续往下看)大家可以先看这个博文（/ewigkeit/archive/2010/07/21/5752323.aspx）c++ standard 原文如下（such an object is initialized the first time control passes through its declaration; such anobject is considered initialized upon the completion of its initialization. If the initialization exits by throwingan exception, the initialization is not complete, so it will be tried again the next time control enters thedeclaration. If control re-enters the declaration (recursively) while the object is being initialized, the behavioris undefined. ）大体意思就是当有竟态条件发生的情况下，其实现是未定义的。??? 没得到什么可靠的结论，下面我们来做一段测试#include stdio.h#include iostream#include pthread.h???using namespace std;static int i = 0;class A{?? ?public:?? ? ? ?A()?? ? ? ?{?? ? ? ? ? ?cout A construct ++ i ?endl;?? ? ? ?}};?void* start_routine(void*){?? ?static A a;}?int main(int argc, char **argv){?? pthread_t id;?? pthread_create(id, NULL, start_routine, NULL);?? pthread_create(id, NULL, start_routine, NULL);?? pthread_create(id, NULL, start_routine, NULL);?? pthread_create(id, NULL, start_routine, NULL);?? pthread_create(id, NULL, start_routine, NULL);?? pthread_create(id, NULL, start_routine, NULL);?? pthread_create(id, NULL, start_routine, NULL);?? pthread_create(id, NULL, start_routine, NULL);?? pthread_create(id, NULL, start_routine, NULL);?? pthread_create(id, NULL, start_routine, NULL);?? pthread_create(id, NULL, start_routine, NULL);?? pthread_create(id, NULL, start_routine, NULL);?? pthread_create(id, NULL, start_routine, NULL);?? pthread_create(id, NULL, start_routine, NULL);?? sleep(-1);?? return 0;}测试结果：??看起来代码是线程安全的，但