Unit 8 Grammar 虚拟语气 the subjunctive mood.docVIP

虚拟语气 the subjunctive mood 英语导学提纲 the outline for learning English 学习目标（learning goals） 熟悉虚拟语气的基本用法。掌握虚拟语气在状语从句，名词性从句及特殊句式中的运用。 学习方法（learning ways） 课前预习：预习虚拟语气的基本用法。 课堂练习：通过多种虚拟语气的题型的随堂练习，巩固加深对虚拟语气的理解运用。 课后考点精析：课后运用所获知识，自学考点精析内容，使虚拟语气的知识与高考接轨。 学习过程（learning process） Step one: 课前预习：虚拟语气的基本用法 虚拟语气的定义：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是与事实相反的或不可能实现的假设，愿望等。 虚拟语气的用法：虚拟语气常出现在状语从句，名词性从句和一些特殊句型中。 虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法。 由if 引导的虚拟条件状语从句 1、其动词形式如下表格。 时间 从句 主句 与现在事实相反 did/were Would/might/could/should+do 与过去事实相反 had done Would/might/could/should+have done 与将来事实相反 did/were should+do were to do Would/might/could/should+do 例如： If I were you, I would not accept the job now. If I had left earlier yesterday, I would have caught the bus. If it should rain tomorrow I would not come. rained/ were to rain 2、虚拟条件句的省略倒装形式：可把if 省掉把if 从句中的助动词had 或 should或were 提前到句首。 例如： Were I you, I would not accept the job tomorrow. Had I left earlier yesterday, I woukd have caught the bus. Should it rain tomorrow, I would not come. Were it to rain tomorrow, I would not come. 3、错综时间虚拟条件句（混合虚拟条件句）：表示if 从句发生的时间与主句不一致。主句从句根据各自句子动作发生的时间，选择动词形式。 e.g. If you had followed my advice just now, you would get a better result now. 4、含蓄虚拟条件句——无if 从句而用其它的词/短语来代替if 从句。 ①用介词：with/without/but for(要不是)… 例如： Without air, we would die now. If there were no air, we would die now. But for your help, I would have failed. If it had been for your help, I would have failed. ②用连词 or/otherwise(否则) but 等 I was busy yesterday or I would have come to your party. I was busy yesterday. If I hadn’t been busy, I would have come to your party. I might have come to your party, but I was busy. ③用独立主格结构 Everything taken into considration, they would have finished it. If everything had been taken into consideration,… (二)由as if/as though 引导方式状语从句表虚拟用法。 其从句谓语动词形式：与现在事实相反 用过去时 did/were 与过去事实相反 用过去完成时 had done