water pollutants and their sources(水污染及污染源).docxVIP

Ppt1 Here I’d show the water pollutants and their sources.Ppt2 The wide range of pollutants discharged to surface waters can be grouped into broad classes, as shown in Table . Domestic sewage and industrial wastes are called point sources. Urban and agricultural runoff are called non-point sources. [d?mest?k] [su：?d?]生活污水城市和农业径流Ppt3 Here I list some contaminants [k?nt?min?nt] The Oxygen-demanding material需氧物质Nutrients [nju:tri?nt] 营养物质Pathogens Organisms [p?θ?d??ns] 病原微生物Suspended solids or sediments [s?d?m?nt] 沉积物Salts Toxic metals [t?ks?k] 有毒金属And we will discuss them later.Ppt4 Point sources First the point sources. Domestic sewage and industrial wastes are called point sources because they are generally collected by a network of pipes or channels and conveyed to a single point of discharge into the receiving water. As is shown in the picture.Channels [t??nlz] 通道，水槽Domestic sewage consists of wastes from homes, schools, office buildings, and stores. The term municipal sewage is used to mean domestic sewage into which industrial wastes are also discharged.municipal sewage[mj?n?s?p(?)l]城市污水In general, point source pollution can be reduced or eliminated through waste minimization and proper wastewater treatment prior to discharge to a natural water body.eliminated[?l?m?net?d]消除minimization[,m?n?m?ze??n]最小Prior[pra??]在前　Under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 some animal feeding operations (AFOs) may be designated as a point source. 　AFOs are designated point sources if the feeding operation may be classified as a concentrated animal feeding operation (CAFO). AFOs　is an organophosphorus pesticidesFedaral 联邦AFOs 灭蚜磷Designated [d?z?g,net?d]指定的organophosphorus[,??g(?)n??f?sf(?)r?s]有机磷pesticides[pest?sa?dz]杀虫剂Ppt5 Non-point sources Urban and agricultural runoff are characterized by multiple discharge points. These are called non-point sources. [m?lt?pl]多个城市和农业径流具有多个放电点。Often the polluted water flows over the surface of the land or along natural d