液化石油气槽车泄漏事故处置中的险情控制措施.doc

液化石油气槽车泄漏事故处置中的险情控制措施 摘 要 随着石油化学工业的发展，液化石油气作为一种化工生产的基本原料和清洁燃料，在人类生产和生活中的应用日益广泛，运输量也随之快速增长。液化石油气汽车槽车作为液化石油气公路运输的主要方式，在运输过程中存在许多安全隐患，极易发生泄漏。液化石油气一旦泄漏，由于其自身具有易燃易爆的危险特性，若处置或控制不当，易导致火灾、爆炸恶性事故的发生。因此，研究液化石油气槽车泄漏事故处置中的险情控制措施对于控制险情发展，避免恶性事故发生，最大限度减轻液化石油气泄漏危害具有十分重要的意义。 本文在对液化石油气汽车车Abstrac With the development of petrochemical industry, liquefied petroleum gas as a chemical production of basic raw materials and clean fuel production, has been used widely in human production and life, and the use in traffic will grow rapidly. LPG tankers as the main form of liquefied petroleum gas vehicles road transport, in the transportation, there are many security risks, easy to leak. Once the leakage of liquefied petroleum gas, due to its own risk with flammable and explosive properties, if improperly disposed of or controled, it could result in fire, explosion vicious accident. Therefore, the study on the risk control measures of Liquefied petroleum gas tankers leakage accidents disposal has great significance, to control the development of dangerous situations, avoid fatal accidents, and minimize the harm of the liquefied petroleum gas leakage. In this paper, on the basis of thorough research about the basic structure of liquefied petroleum gas tankers, combined with the cases of LPG tankers leakage occurred in recent years, analysis the common leak sites of LPG tankers and the causes. Based on the case of existing research results and conclusion, proposed specific measures about the risk control of LPG leakage accidents, provides references for the fire forces in dealing with such incidents in future and improve the efficiency of managing the accident. Keywords： Liquefied petroleum gas; tank ; leakage; danger zone; controls 目 录 中文摘要 I 英文摘要 II 目 录 III 1 引言 1 2 液化石油气的理化性质及危险特性 2 2.1 液化石油气的组成成分 2 2.2 液化石油气的理化性质 2 2.3 液化石油气的危险特性 2 2.3.1 易燃易爆性 2 2.3.2 易挥发扩散性 3 2.3.3 受热易膨胀性 3 2.3.4 易产生静电 3 2.3.5 冻伤性和毒害性 3 3 液化石油气槽车泄漏事故概述 4 3.1 液化石油气槽车的基本结构 4 3.2 常见泄漏部位及