英美文学作家介绍英文.docVIP

文艺复兴时期 威廉·莎士比亚William Shakespeare(1564-1616) As the spokesman of English Renaissance, William Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights and poets the world has ever known. With his 38 plays, 154 sonnets and 2 long poems, he has established his giant position in world literature. Hamlet, the summit of Shakespeare’s art, is the profoundest expression of his humanism and his criticism of contemporary life. 弗朗西斯·培根Francis Bacon(1561-1626) As a representative of the Renaissance in England, Bacon was the founder of modern science of England and the first English essayist. His essays cover a wide variety of subjects. They have won popularity for their precision, clearness, brevity and force. Of Studies is the most popular of Bacon’s 58 essays. Forceful and persuasive, compact and precise, Of Studies reveals to us Bacon’s mature attitude towards learning. 埃德蒙·斯宾塞Edmund Spencer(1552-1599) Spencer was recognized as the “Poet’s poet” by his contemporaries and had great influence on a number of great English poets in the later centuries. His greatest work, The Faerie Queene, was written in Spenserian stanza, which was a popular verse form invented by him. The principle intention is to present through a “historical poem” the example of a perfect gentleman. 浪漫主义时期 威廉·布莱克William Blake(1758-1827) Blake is regarded as a Pre-Romantic or a forerunner of the Romantic poetry of the 19th century, who proclaimed the supremacy of the imagination over the rationalism and materialism. In his masterpiece Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience, the world is seen from a child’s point of view, but the poems also function as parables of adult experience. 威廉·华兹华斯William Wordsworth (1770-1850) William Wordsworth was the leading figure of the English romantic poetry. His poems are mainly about the beauty of nature and its relationship with all human beings. His best-known work Lyrical Ballads marked the beginning of the Romantic revival in England. Its preface served as the manifesto