类似于to my joy短语结构的语法分析.doc

类似于to my joy短语结构的语法分析 to+ones+情感名词是英语中一个十分有用的结构，主要表示某人由于某事的发生而唤起其内心的某种情感，通常译为令某人…的是使某人感到…的是。这类结构在学习时应弄清以下几个方面。 一、该结构主要适用哪些名词 能用于该结构的名词非常有限，常见的有admiration(羡慕),amazement(惊奇),amusement(娱乐),annoyance(烦恼),astonishment(惊奇),delight(欣喜),despair(绝望),disappointment(失望),embarrassment(难堪),happiness,horror(恐怖),joy(高兴),puzzlement(疑惑),regret(遗憾),relief(放心),satisfaction(满意),shame(羞愧),sorrow(悲伤),surprise(惊讶)等。如： To my amazement,he arrived on time. 令我惊异的是，他居然准时赶到了。 To my great amusement his false beard fell off. 使我感到极其好笑的是，他的假胡子掉了下来。 To his annoyance,he discovered they hadnt waited. 他发现他们没有等他而感到十分烦恼。 To his no small astonishment the woman began to laugh. 使他吃惊不小的是这个女人竟开始笑了起来。 To her embarrassment,she couldnt remember his name. 令她感到困窘的是，她记不起他的名字了。 To my shame Inever thanked him for his kindness. 我感到惭愧的是对他的好意我从未表示过感谢。 注：有时可将两个名词并列使用。如： To her surprise and joy,she was awarded first prize. 使她又惊又喜的是，她获得了一等奖。 To her great disappointment and annoyance,she failed in the English examination again. 使她极为失望和苦恼的是，她的英语考试又没有及格。 二、如何强调该结构的语气 若要加强该结构的语气，通常有两种方式： 1.在名词前加great,deep,utter等形容词修饰。如： To our great delight the day turned out fine. 使我们感到十分高兴的是，天气转晴了。 To my great disappointment Ifailed to get the job. 我没得到那份工作，大为失望。 To his great disappointment,she wasnt on the train. 令他大大失望的是她不在那列火车上。 To my utter delight he lent me the money Ineeded. 使我十分高兴的是，他借给了我需要的钱。 To my deep indignation,he pretended not to know about it. 使我十分愤慨的是，他假装不了解此事。 2.在整个短语前加副词greatly,much等修饰。 如： Greatly to my regret,I cannot attend the party. 很可惜的是，我无法参加聚会。 He has succeeded,much to the delight of his parents. 他成功了，这使他父母都非常高兴。 Much to my surprise the door was unlocked. 使我大为吃惊的是，门没有锁。 Much to my regret Iam unable to accept your invitation. 很抱歉，我不能接受你的邀请。 三、该结构在句中的位置 该结构通常位于句首，但有时也可位于句末，甚至句中。 如： He broke it,greatly to my annoyance. 他打破了那东西，这使我非常气恼。 I learned to my sorrow that he was killed in the accident. 我获悉他在事故中丧生而深感悲痛。 I discovered to my horror that my passport was missing. 使我惊恐的是，我发现我的护照不见了。 The work was done to his own satisfac