美国文学史考试复习资料.docxVIP

?1?美国文学史复习（colonialism)?第一部分?殖民主义时期的文学?一、时期综述?1、清教徒采用的文学体裁：a、narratives?日记?b、journals?游记?2、清教徒在美国的写作内容：?1）their?voyage?to?the?new?land?2)?Adapting?themselves?to?unfamiliar?climates?and?crops?3)?About?dealing?with?Indians?4)?Guide?to?the?new?land,?endless?bounty,?invitation?to?bold?spirit?3、清教徒的思想：?1）puritan?want?to?make?up?pure?their?religious?beliefs?and?practices? 2)?Wish?to?restore?simplicity?to?church?and?the?authority?of?the?Bible?to?the?theology.?3look?upon?themselves?as?chosen?people,?and?it?follow?logically?that?anyone?who?challenged?their?way?of?life?is?opposing?Gods?will?and?is?not?to?be?accepted.? 4）puritan?opposition?to?pleasure?and?the?arts?sometimes?has?been?exaggerated.?步?5）religious?teaching?tended?to?emphasize?the?image?of?a?wrathful?God.。?4、典型的清教徒：?John?Cotton??Roger?William?他们的不同：John?Cotton?was?much?more?concerned?with?authority?than?with?democracy;?William?begins?the?history?of?religious?toleration?in?America.?5、William的宗教观点：Toleration?did?not?stem?from?a?lack?of?religious?convictions.?Instead,?it?sprang?from?the?idea?that?simply?to?be?virtuous?in?conduct?and?devout?in?belief?did?not?give?anyone?the?right?to?force?belief?on?others.?He?also?felt?that?no?political?order?or?church?system?could?identify?itself?directly?with?Go?6、英国最早移民到美国的诗人：Anne?Bradstreet?7、在殖民时期最好的清教徒诗人：the?best?of?Puritan?poets?is?Edward?Tayor.?学习指南：?1、Could?you?give?a?description?of?American?Puritans??关于美国清教徒的描绘??Like?their?brothers?back?in?England,?were?idealists,?believing?that?the?church?should?be?restored?to?the?purity?of?the?first·century?church?as?established?by?Jesus?Christ?himself.?To?them?religion?was?a?matter?of?primary?importance.?They?made?it?their?chief?business?to?see?that?man?lived?and?thought?and?acted?in?a?way?which?tended?to?the?glory?of?God.?They?accepted?the?doctrine?of?predestination,?original?sin?and?total?depravity,?and?limited?atonement?through?a?special?infusion?of?grace?from?God,?all?that?John?Calvin,?the?great?French?theologian?who?lived?in?Geneva?had