1989-05语法讲解.doc

1989年05月语法题 1. The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while__________. (A) spoken is slander (B) is spoken slander (C) slander is spoken (D) is slander spoken 答案：C 测试点：词序/主谓结构。分析：连词while后连接句子，两边是对比关系，同句式、同结构。本句while前的libel is printed为“主系表”结构，应在答案中寻找相同的结构，即(C)。 ? 2. Great numbers of tiny shelled animals—on the ocean floor. (A) Live (B) Living (C) They will live (D) If they lived 答案：A 测试点；谓语。分析：空格前是名词性成份，作句子主语，应在答案中选择谓语动词，即(A)。(B)不能单独作谓语；(C) 重复了主语，(D)是从句。 ? 3. The knee is the joint __________the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg. (A) when (B) where (C) why (D) which 答案：B 测试点；从句连接词。分析：空格前的joint表示地点，定语从句的连接词应当用指示地点的where。(A)指时间；(C)指原因；(D)指事物；且与从句中的主语the thigh bone重复。 ? 4. Closed plane figures like the square or the equilateral triangle can be grouped into a class __________polygons. (A) called (B) to call (C) is called (D) call as 答案：A 测试点；分词短语作后置定语。分析：横线前的class是名词，其后的部分应是它的定语。这个定语要么是从句，要么是短语。4个答案中无完整的从句，只有(A)是过去分词，可与横线后的polygons组成短语，故选(A)。(C)如加上关系代词which或that则亦为正确。(B)to call应为被动语态(to be called)，这种结构通常省掉to be，成为(A)的形式。解题要点：分词短语作后置定语是TOEFL考题中反复出现的题型。它实际上等于系词(be)结构的定语从句省去which／that+be部分，只保留分词及其后成份。 ? 5. Acids are chemical compounds that, in water solution, have __________, a corrosive action on metals, and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes red. (A) tastes sharp (B) sharp-tasting (C) a sharp taste (D) tasting sharp 答案：C 测试点；宾语。分析：动词have要求名词性的成份作它的宾语，应在答案中选择名词或名词词组，即(C)。(A)是系表结构；(B)是形容词；(D)是分词短语。 ? 6. __________the history of the tough, strong-willed Nebraska farmer. (A) Not only is much of the history of Nebraska (B) Although it is much of the history of Nebraska that is (C) It is much the history of Nebraska's being (D) Much of the history of Nebraska is 答案：D 测试点: 主谓结构。分析：空格后只剩下名词性的成份，说明句子缺少主语和谓语动词，应在答案中寻找主语+动词的形式，即(D)，much为名词。 ? 7. Billie Holiday's reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability __________emotional depth to her songs. (A) be giving (B) are given (C) being given (D) to give 答案：D