被子植物离体受精与合子培养研究进展.docVIP

植 物 学 报 1998 , 40 (2) :95～101 Act a Bot a nica Si nica ·综述 Revie w· 被子植物离体受精与合子培养研究进展 Ξ 杨弘远 周 嫦 ( 武汉大学生命科学学院 武汉 430072) 关键词 被子植物 ,离体受精 ,合子培养 ,发育生物学 RECENT AD VA NCES I N I N V I T R O FERTIL IZATIO N A ND ZY GOTE CUL TURE OF A NGIOSPERMS Ξ YAN G Ho ng2Yuan ZHOU Chang ( Col lege of L i f e S cience , W u ha n U ni versi t y , Wuhan 430072) Abstract The successf ul i n v i t ro fertilizatio n and zygote cult ure in angio sper ms is t he mo st impo rtant breakt hro ugh in t he experimental researches o n sexual plant rep ro ductio n during recent years. The p resent review includes t he following part s : 1) A brief survey o n t he his2 to rical backgro unds and technical p rerequisites of t he achievement s. 2) Pro gresses of manip u2 latio n techniques ,including met ho ds of egg cell isolatio n ,intergametic f usio n , microcult ure of artificial as well as nat ural zygotes and regeneratio n of plant s , i n v i t ro develop ment f ro m f u2 sio n p ro duct s bet ween gametes of alien species ,f ro m unfertilized egg cells and f ro m cent ral cells ,etc. 3) Cyto biological and molecular biological st udies o n i n v i t ro fertilizatio n systems , e . g. time table of develop mental event s during i n v i t ro fertilizatio n and po stfertilizatio n p ro2 cesses ,cell wall fo r matio n of artificial zygotes in relatio n to polysper my p reventatio n ,egg cell activatio n ,zygote polarit y and asymmet ric divisio n of zygotes ,co nst ructio n of cDNA libraries f ro m egg cells ,zygotes and early embryo s using R T/ PCR technique and screening of specific genes ,and t ransient exp ressio n of repo rter genes int ro duced into isolated zygotes. 4) St rate2 gies fo r f urt her broadening and deepening t he researches in t his area bot h in f undamental and applied aspect s. It is hopef ul t hat i n v i t ro fertilizatio n and zygote cult ure will bring new light s in t he develop mental biology of fertilizatio n and early embryogenesis and