《礼记·大学》全文(现代文注释)英文对照.doc

大学 the Great Learning 大学之道，在明明德，在亲民，在止于至善。知止而后有定，定而后能静，静而后能安，安而后能虑，虑而后能得。物有本末，事有终始，知所先后，则近道矣。 文的根本宗旨，就是弘扬本性中光明正大的品德，将以身作则使普通的人知道去垢显真的道理，并达到至善完美的境界作为最高的人生目的。只要明确人生目的就能意志坚定；只要意志坚定就能够镇静不乱；只有镇静不乱才能够心平气和；只有心平气和才能够深思远虑；深思远虑必然有所获益。万物都有主干和枝节，万事都有起始和结束。知道那主体与客体的关系，了解那万事万物发展的主次关系、时空顺序、相互联系，这就接近了解“道”的本质了。 What the Great Learning teaches, is to illustrate illustrious virtue; to renovate the people; and to rest in the highest excellence. The point where to rest being known, the object of pursuit is then determined; and, that being determined, a calm unperturbedness may be attained to. To that calmness there will succeed a tranquil repose. In that repose there may be careful deliberation, and that deliberation will be followed by the attainment of the desired end. Things have their root and their branches. Affairs have their end and their beginning. To know what is first and what is last will lead near to what is taught in the Great Learning. 古之欲明明德于天下者，先治其国；欲治其国者，先齐其家；欲齐其家者，先修其身；欲修其身者，先正其心；欲正其心者，先诚其意；欲诚其意者，先致其知，致知在格物。物格而后知至，知至而后意诚，意诚而后心正，心正而后身修，身修而后家齐，家齐而后国治，国治而后天下平。自天子以至于庶人，壹是皆以修身为本。其本乱而末治者否矣，其所厚者薄，而其所薄者厚，未之有也！此谓知本，此谓知之至也。 古往今来的圣贤为了使天下正大光明，往往会先治理好自己的属国；而想治理好自己的属国，往往会先管理好自己的家族；想管理好自己的家族，就必须先竭力提升自己的品行；而提升自己的品行的关键就是使自己的思想摆正；想端正自己的思想，就必须表现出虔敬般真诚；想要表现出虔敬般真诚，就必须获得真正的智识；获得真正的智识的方法，就是观察与研究万事万物并总结出其中的规律；知晓了规律后就自然得到了如何面对纷纭世界的智识；得到了智识就会更加虔敬，虔敬真诚就会成为正人君子；成为正人君子就更注重修身养性；修身养性使品德高尚；品德高尚自然使家族安定；家族安定后管理属国就举重若轻；管理属国就举重若轻后治理天下，天下自然太平。从天子到平民，都是以修身养性为人生的根本，从来没有听说过忽略此根本就将天下治理好的事发生。努力加厚的地方却越来越薄，努力变薄的地方却越来越厚，从来没有发生过这样的事。想做好事但本末倒置，目的明确却不分轻重缓急，这样的结果只能是事与愿违。 The ancients who wished to illustrate illustrious virtue throughout the kingdom, first ordered well their own states. Wishing to order well their states, they first regulated their families. Wishing to regulate their families, they first cultivated their persons. Wishing to cultivate their persons, they first rectified their hearts. Wishing to rectify their hearts, they first sought to be sincere in their thoughts. Wishing to be sincere in their tho