JavaGC调优手记.docx

转自/firecoder/article/details/7225654摘要本文记录GC调试的一次实验过程和结果。GC知识要点回顾问题1：为什么要调试GC参数？在32核处理器的系统上，10%的GC时间导致75%的吞吐量损失。所以在大型系统上，调试GC是以小博大的不错选择。small improvements in reducing such a bottleneck can produce large gains in performance.问题2：怎么样调试GC?调试GC，有三个主要的参数：选择合适的GC Collector整个JVM Heap堆的大小Young Generation的大小(-Xmn?m or -XX:NewRatio=?)问题3：有哪些不同的GC Collector?Tony Printezis (JVM大牛)在Garbage Collection in the Java HotSpot Virtual Machine有图为证，还有一篇更早的sun开发人员介绍GC调试也是有图为证/chunked/snapshot/configuration-jvm.htmlneo4j总结如下GC shortnameGenerationCommand line parameterCommentCopyYoung-XX:+UseSerialGCThe Copying collectorMarkSweepCompactTenured-XX:+UseSerialGCThe Mark and Sweep CompactorConcurrentMarkSweepTenured-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGCThe Concurrent Mark and Sweep CompactorParNewYoung-XX:+UseParNewGCThe parallel Young Generation Collector?—?can only be used with the Concurrent mark and sweep compactor.PS ScavengeYoung-XX:+UseParallelGCThe parallel object scavengerPS MarkSweepTenured-XX:+UseParallelGCThe parallel mark and sweep collector简而言之，Young和Tenured各种三种Collector，分别是Serial 单线程Parallel 多线程并行, GC线程和App线程取一运行，即GC要Stop the (app) world。Concurrent 多线程并发，GC线程和App线程可同时运行。(注: Young generation 没有CMS，取而代之的是可和CMS(Old)一起运行的ParNew)问题4：如何选择Collector?Serial可以直接排除掉，现在最普通的服务器也有双核64位\8G内存，默认的Collector是PS Scavenge和PS MarkSweep。所以Collector在并行(Parallel)和并发(Concurrent)两者之间选择。问题5：选择的标准(参数指标)是什么?如何得到这些参数值(How to measure it)?throughput和latency。garbage-collection-in-java-part-3从GC的耗时给出了吞吐量和响应速度的公式Total Execution Time = Useful Time + Paused Timethroughput =?Useful Time /?Total Execution Timelatency = average paused time如何得到Useful time 和 Paused Time?即如何得到JVM的GC时间，有以下几种方式GC Log打印GC log，java 启动参数中加入下面的语句(本文为tomcat应用)。GC Log 记录每次GC时间，可根据GC Log计算平均GC时间和累积GC时间。[plain] /firecoder/article/details/7225654view plain/firecoder/article/details/7225654copyCATALINA_OPTS=$CATALINA_OPTS?-verbose:gc?-Xloggc:/usr/local/tomcat/gc?-XX:+PrintGCDetails?-XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps?/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/management/jconsole.htmlJconso