英语四级作文写作重点.docVIP

Writing: 重点在内容和语言两个方面 ° 命题作文: Topic, Outline, etc. 文体1: 说明文 a) 主要客观地陈述步骤、方法、功能、差异或说明问题、事物、事件、互相关系等。 b) 旨在让人理解其过程、起因、性质、优劣所在、趋势、意义、或造成的影响、结果。 c) 铺陈: sequence (次序)、cause and effect (因果)、definition (定义)、classification (分类)、examplification (举例) 等予以analysis（分析）和explanation (解释) --第一段提出有明显导向的主题句,并给以必要的支承: --第二段给出方法、步骤或比较、对照差异、相似或指出各自优缺点，或说明问题、事物、事件，解释原因 、造成的影响、结果等。以细节说明，要有层次感 --第三段提出建议、评估、解决方法或做出归纳、总结或指出意义、展望未来等。 d) Useful expressions or patterns --Why? create/cause/produce/account for/bring about/contribute to/lead to/result in/give rise to is attributed to/created/caused /produced by/brought about by have its origin in /arise from/result from / originate from /stem from, etc. The cause of/reason for…is … The primary reason is that…/ Besides/In addition,… That is why… as/because/since/now that… for /hence/so/ therefore/ thus/ because of/owing to/thanks to/as a result of/in view of/ on account of /by or through +动词名词化 consequently/accordingly/ --How? First…Second/Then… On the one hand,…On the other hand,…/For one thing,… For another,…Finally,… by or through +动词名词化 First…/ Having done this, you …/The important thing is to …/The next problem is …. This is how…is done./Its methods can be illustrated as follows. It can be predicted that… We can come to the conclusion that… …, with the result that… --What? By X is meant …/By X we mean that… X can be defined as… X can be classified/divided into…according to…, X may fall into …categories, of which one is…, another is …, and still another is… In my eyes/mind/opinion,… According to the writer, … So far as I know/As far as I am concerned, For example,…. In still another instance, …Even …. It is clear from these limited examples that … This brief list demonstrates /shows that…. As has been pointed out/as I have said above in terms of in other words/generally speaking in short/in a word to sum up --Do You…? The question “….?” is a much talked about one in … To the question “…?” there are different answers among… This