中英文翻译数控机床的编程演变.doc

英文原文 Evolutionary programming of CNC machines Abstract The paper proposes a new concept for programming of CNC machines. The concept based on genetic algorithms assures evolutionary generation and optimization of NC programs on the basis of CAD models of manufacturing environment. The structure, undergoing simulated evolution, is the population of NC programs. The NC programs control the machine which performs simple elementary motions. During the evolution the machine movement becomes more and more complex and intelligent solutions emerge gradually as a result of the interaction between machine movements and manufacturing environment. The examples of evolutionary programming of CNC lathe and CNC milling machine tool for different complexities of the blanks and products are presented. The proposed concept showed a high degree of universality, efficiency, and reliability and it can be also simply adopted to other CNC machines. ? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Manufacturing systems; NC programming; CNC machines; Genetic algorithm. 1. Introduction Since the CNC machines are already present in almost all manufacturing systems, the automatic programming of CNC machines became widespread in the last two decades [1,4,6,7]. Thus, nowadays numerous commercial programming solutions, including automatic generation of NC programs, are available. The solutions differ in reliability, ef-ficiency, flexibility and universality. So far, it has not been possible to trace a universal solution for the programming of NC machines. In this paper we used the genetic algorithms (GA) [2] based approach for programming of CNC lathe and milling machine tool. The proposed concept can be adopted also to other CNC machines for example coordinate measuring machines [5], welding machines, laser and plasma cutting machines [4], robots and manipulators. The concept imitates the natural evolution of living organisms, where in the struggle for natural resources the successful indiv