部分否定与全部否定部分否定与全部否定.ppt

All that flatters you are not faithful friends. 奉承你的人并非都是忠实的朋友。 It would prove that all is not lost, that the sun is going to rise, and that men can still have hope. 可以证明，并非一切都完了，太阳依然会升起来，人们任然有希望。 All are not saints that go to church. 上教堂的未必都是圣人。 部分否定与全部否定 Partial Negation 有全体意义的代词或副词both, all, every (及其派生词), each, always, completely等,它们用于否定结构,只表示部分否定。译作“一切…不都是”或“并非一切…都是”。 1. all 的否定式：not all…（或：all…not）表示并非都…、不是所有的都… 1)All hope was not lost. 并非所有的希望都破灭了。 2)不是所有的鸟都会飞。 Not all birds can fly. =All birds can not fly. =Some birds can’t fly. Partial Negation =Not both of the two math problems are very difficult. 2. both 的否定式：not both… (或：both… not) 并非两个…都… 并非两道数学题都难。 Both of the two math problems are not very difficult. 3. every…的否定式：不是每…都… Not every book is educative. =Every book is not educative. 不是每本书都有教育意义的。 Everything is not good, but equally everything is not bad. 并非一切都好，也并非一切都不好 Partial Negation 不可以完全信任商人。 4. always的否定式：并非总是（并非一直）… He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。 5. entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式：不完全…，并非完全… The businessman is never to be entirely trusted. I dont agree completely. 我并不完全同意。 Partial Negation 他做的不十分妥当。 What he did was not quite proper. A man of learning is not always a man of wisdom. A foolish man doesnt make a mistake all the time. 6. all the time 的否定式：并非一直…、未必老是… 笨人未必老是犯错误。 7. not.... for nothing, seldomn，hardly,little 等词也可以表示部分否定 的否定式：并非一直…、未必老是… It was not for nothing that she spent two years studying skies. 她花了两年时间研究天体并非毫无收获。 II. full Negation 如要对上述的all, both, every, always, 以及entirely, altogether, completely, quite 和 all the time 等词作完全否定，那就分别要用与之相对应的表全部否定的词： all → none 一个人也没有、没有任何东西 both → neither 两个都不 every → no everyone → no one/ nobody everything → nothing always→ never 我一生中，印象最深刻的就是第一次参观故宫博物馆。 None of us was allowed to go there. 我们全都不让去那里。 Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum. 将下列句子变成全部否定 All of them can do it.--- Neither is good. None of them can