农机专业外语课件.pptVIP

4. 表示比较程度差别关系的前缀 1)by-, 表示“副，次要的” byproduct, bywork(副业) 2)extra-,表示“超越，额外” extraordinary, 3)hyper- 表示“超过，极度” hypersonic(超声波), hypertension(高血压) 4)out-,表示“超过，过分” outdo(超过), outbid(出价过高的人) 5)over-，表示“超过，过度，太” overeat, overdress, oversleep 6) sub-, suc-, sur-, 表示“低，次，副，亚” subeditor, subordinate, subtropical(亚热带) 7)super-, sur- 表示“超过” supernature, superpower, surplus, surpass 8)under-,表示“低劣，低下” undersize, undergrown, underproduction(生产不足) 9)vice- 表示“副，次” vicepresident, vicechairman Reading skills of scientific and technical English Reading for Main Idea (获取主题思想) 我们可以把获取主题思想的阅读技巧分四步 1.辨认主题名词 identify subject word 2.找出主题词 find subject word 3.获取主题思想 gain main idea 4.避免不相关的内容 avoid disrelated content New Words 1. lathe n．车床 vt．用车床加工 A machine for shaping a piece of material, such as wood or metal, by rotating it rapidly along its axis while pressing against a fixed cutting or abrading tool. 车床：通过压紧一种固定的切割或打磨工具并迅速沿轴线转动的办法来塑造一件材料（如木头或金属）的机器 2. swing (swung) vi．（绕轴心、铰链等）回转、旋转 3. spindle n．心轴 4. pulley n．滑轮，轱辘，皮带轮 5. clamp n．夹钳，夹子 vt．（用夹钳）夹住，夹紧 One should，nevertheless，keep in mind that the additional cost of purchasing the gages as well as, the labor required for gaging may offset any saving achieved by selective assembly． 但是设计者应清楚，购买工作人员需要的标准件的开支可以通过选择配合公差得到补偿。 Dimensions Definitions of Dimensioning Terms （1）尺寸标注术语定义 For a thorough understanding of fits and tolerances,the following term must be clearly understood. Allowance. The allowance is the tightest fit between mating parts． For interference fits ,the allowance is negative. 为了透彻了解公差与配合。必须准确理解下列术语。 间隙：是指两配合件之间紧配合的尺寸差，对过盈配合来讲，间隙是负的。 Nominal Size The nominal size is the designation used for the purpose of general identification．For example，a 21/2-in．diameter nominal pipe is actually 2.875 in．in diameter． Tolerance A tolerance is the total permissible variation in the