第三课课件2文件.PPTVIP

Lesson Three China Finds Western Ways Bring New Woes Battles with the bulge and the bottleare one downside of? spreading prosperity By David J. Lynch China is the fastest-growing market for American goods, an ally in the war on terror and, at the same time, an emerging rival to U.S. pre-eminence in Asia. China in the 21st century appears poised to reclaim the greatness it enjoyed for thousands of years before it slid into the eclipse in the late 1840s. An authoritarian political system demands reform. Economic vitality and growing regional clout coexist with woes that bedevil all developing countries: environmental degradation, poverty and preventable illnesses. Understanding the world’s most populous nation has never been more vital. So throughout this year, USA TODAY will offer occasional story on contemporary China to illustrate how much has changed and how much remains to be done if this is truly to be “The Chinese Century”. Contents Main information about the reform and opening-up policy Food and drink Sedentary lifestyle WHO Future problems The reform and opening-up policy started in December 1978 by reformists Deng Xiaoping。 The goal of Chinese economic reform was to transform China‘s stagnant 停滞的 , impoverished穷困的 planned economy计划经济into a market economy市场经济 capable of generating strong economic growth and increasing the well-being of Chinese citizens. Before the 1978 The economy stagnated since the 16th century and even declined in absolute terms in the nineteenth and much of the twentieth century, with a brief recovery in the 1930s. From 1949 to 1978, Mao‘s disastrous collectivization 集体化, Great Leap Forward大跃进（1958-1960)and Cultural Revolution devastated摧毁 the Chinese economy, resulting in the destruction of much traditional culture and a massive drop in living standards. After Mao‘s death, his main leftist supporters, led by the Gang of Four四人帮, were ousted in a coup, and reformists lead by Deng Xiaoping took power。 Post-2005 (2005后） th