毕业设计---八米高一级客车变速器.docVIP

摘 要 本次设计的八米高一级客车变速器，根据所查找的资料确定，本设计是由五个前进挡和一个倒挡所组成的变速器。这种客车所选用的是手动三轴式变速器，齿轮改变了由输入轴输入转数和扭矩，再经输出轴输出，这种变速器具有噪声小、传动效率高、齿轮承载小等优点。在确定本设计的基本结构后，结合所查找的参数，确定中心距，计算各挡齿轮齿数。变速器的可靠性在设计中相当重要，所以对齿轮以及各轴的强度、刚度进行校核，从而确保变速器的安全使用。 普通齿轮变速器主要分为两轴式变速器和三轴式变速器，它们的组成均包括变速传动机构和操纵机构两部分。本文主要设计变速器的传动机构，设计的变速器为手动三轴式。一根输入轴，一根输出轴和一根中间轴。在输入轴上设置常啮合齿轮，在输出轴上设置可变速的五档齿轮，在中间轴上设置了与输入轴和输出轴常啮合的各档齿轮。本论文主要对黄海DD6112K17集贸客车变速器的各个主要参数进行设计计算并分别对中间轴和各档齿轮进行了强度校核。对于操纵机构只是进行选型没有进行参数计算。为了使结构合理，在二挡和三挡之间选用锁销式同步器，而在四挡、常啮合齿轮之间采用的是锁环式同步器。由于本设计是后置发动机大客车，因此采用远距离操纵机构，移动变速杆，实现换档。为了保证变速器安全工作，操纵机构中设有自锁、互锁、及倒档锁等锁止装置。 参考同类车型的结构布置，本设计变速器轴承按国家标准选择圆柱滚子轴承。而润滑也是变速器设计的一个重要步骤，采用的飞溅式润滑。为了防止部分润滑油损耗，轴承盖内安有橡胶封，并且齿轮上有油孔和油槽，壳体上有通气空、注油塞和放油塞。 关键字：变速器；齿轮；轴 Abstract The design is the transmission gearbox of the Huanghai DD6112K17 passenger car, by the information which searches many knows, this design is a transmission with five forward gears and a reverse gear. This kind of passenger was selected the manual three shaft-type transmission , the gear changed by the input axis input the rotation and the torque, and then passed through the output shaft to output, this kind of transmission had the noise slightly, the transmission efficiency high, the gear load bearing is small and so on the merits. After determined the basic structure of this design, unifies the parameter which searches, the definite center distance, the computation respectively keeps off the gear to mention. .The reliability of the transmission is important of the design, therefore transmission of the gear shaft and a check to ensure the reliability of transmission and used requirements. When the intermediate gear and third speed selected the lock-up synchronizer that the configuration will in reason, and that between the four-speed and constant mesh gear adoptived the catch synchronizer .At the same time it confirmed the parameter of the synchronizer.Because of this design is the rear-engine bus, therefore it used the remote handling organization, moving the gearlever, the gear cha