PRINCIPLES OF HEAT TRANSFER传热原理.ppt

PRINCIPLES OF HEAT TRANSFER SOURCES OF HEAT PRINCIPLE ONE Heat ALWAYS flows from hot to cold when objects are in contact or connected by a good heat conductor. The rate of heat transfer will increase as the difference in temp between the two objects increases PRINCIPLE TWO Cold objects have less heat than hot objects of the same mass To make a object colder, remove heat To make is hotter, add heat The mass of the object remains the same regardless of the heat content EVAPORATION The process of moisture becoming a vapor(molecules escaping from the surface of the liquid) As moisture vaporizes from a warm surface, it removes heat and lowers the temperature of the surface. The warmer the substance the quicker it will evaporate. PRINCIPLE THREE Everything is composed of matter All matter exists in one of three states: solid, liquid or vapor. LATENT HEAT OF VAPORIZATION: When matter changes from liquid to vapor or vice versa, it absorbs or releases a relatively large amount of heat without a change in temperature.(970 Btu) BRITISH THERMAL UNIT BTU is a heat quantity measure BTU is the quantity of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 lb. of water one degree Fahrenheit. Vaporization: Will absorb more than five times amount of heat PRINCIPLE FOUR CONDENSATION When a vapor is cooled below its dew point, it becomes a liquid. (boiling point in reverse) When vapor condenses, releases five times as much heat PRINCIPLE FIVE Changing the pressure on a liquid or a vapor changes the boiling point. Each lb. of pressure above atmospheric pressure, raises the boiling point about three degrees Fahrenheit. PRINCIPLE SIX When a vapor is compressed, its temperature and pressure will increase even though heat has not been added CONVECTION Occurs only in liquids, gases or vapors The transfer of heat by the circulation of a liquid or a vapor (like cooling system) Heat flows from a hot surface to a surface containing less heat. Heat rises. (Like on a stove) RADIATION The