变换开车程序概要说明（FEED交付物）.docVIP

1 变换工艺说明 PROCESS DESCRIPTION 耐硫变换单元进料为来自上游部分氧化气化单元(POX)的含硫合成气。合成气与蒸汽混合并经催化反应，生成一氧化碳和水以及二氧化碳和氢气。This Sour Shift Unit is fed sour syngas from the upstream partial oxidation gasification unit (POx). The syngas is mixed with steam and catalytically reacted to convert carbon monoxide and water to carbon dioxide and hydrogen. 主要反应式如下： 反应是可逆放热反应，降低温度有利于平衡向生成H2的方向移动，但高温可提高反应速率。 本工艺流程主要由以下设备组成：饱和塔（C101）、冷却塔（C102）、反应器保护床（SR101）、变换一段反应器（R101）、变换二段反应器（R102）、预热器（E101）、中间冷却器（E102）、后冷却器（E103）及分液罐和其他换热器。 合成气进入6460-C101填料塔（饱和塔）逆向流动并达到水饱和。合成气在饱和塔中获得下游反应器所需水汽用量的大约2/3（0.975mol蒸汽/mol干气）。剩余的水汽通过给6460-C101塔顶气补充蒸汽来获得。蒸汽－合成气混合物在预热器6460-E101经反应器出口气预热后进入保护床反应器6460-SR101。 The syngas feed flows into a packed column (Saturator) 6460-C101 where it flows countercurrent to and becomes saturated with water. The syngas picks up approximately two thirds of the water vapor needed in the downstream reactors (0.975 moles of steam per mole of dry gas). The remaining water vapor comes from the addition of steam to the 6460-C101 overhead stream. The steam-syngas mixture is heated against reactor effluent in the Preheater 6460-E101 before it is introduced to Reactor Guard Bed 6460-SR101. 饱和塔下游设有饱和塔分液罐6460-D102，用以防止将水带入下游设备使操作停车。按照制造商的推荐，在合成气进入一段反应器之前增设装有保护剂的反应器保护床6460-SR101用来除掉金属羰基物和粉尘。在催化反应下，部分一氧化碳转换成二氧化碳和氢气。Saturator K.O Drum 6460-D102 is arranged at Saturator downstream to prevent operation trip due to water carry-over. Reactor Guard Bed 6460-SR101 is filled with some protective adsorbent as catalyst vendor’s recommendation to accommodate metal carbonyls and dust before syngas goes to Reactor No.1 6460-R101. With catalytically reaction, Carbon Monoxide partially converted to carbon dioxide and hydrogen. 若保护床反应器6460-SR101压力降明显增大说明有结垢。预热后的合成气将不通过反应器保护床而直接被切换至第一反应器6460-R101。这样，可在线更换保护床反应器的吸附剂。在线更换时要用到火炬排放线。 A fouling will be found when Reactor Guard Bed 6460-SR101 pressure drop is significantly increasing. The preheated syngas will be switched to the first reactor 6460-R101 directly without passing throug