专升本考试定语从句的翻译PPT.pptVIP

定语从句的翻译 I 英汉对比 This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that was put in the house that Jack built. 这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在杰克修建的房间里的蛋糕的老鼠的猫。 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠偷吃了放在屋里的蛋糕。屋子是杰克盖的。 限制性定语从句--修饰限定 Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. 非限制性定语从句--补充解释 Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students. 先行词和关系词的关系 1.A plane is a machine that can fly. 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom. 3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. 4.The school where I study is far from my home. the machine = that the boy =who the boy’s =whose in the school = where 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指 关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词 II 定语从句的翻译 1.前置法 The points which professor Smith stressed in his speech are worth paying attention to. 史密斯教授在发言中强调的那几点值得特别注意。 常常是将关系词省去，在句未加“的”字，放在被修饰词之前 The car whose engine was out of order has been repaired. 发动机出故障的那辆车已经修好了。 In the room where the electronic is kept, there must be no dust at all. 在存放电子计算机的房间里，不能有一点儿灰尘。 多用于简短的限定性定语从句，少数简短的非限定性定语从句 2.后置法 They are striving for the ideal which is cherished by every Chinese. 他们正在为实现一个理想而努力，这个理想是每个中国人所珍视的。 A fuel is a material which will burn at a reasonable temperature and produce heat. 燃料是一种物质，在适当温度下能够燃烧并放出热量。 译成并列结构，视情况可译出关系词所指代的内容 多用于非限制性定语从句中 This type of meter（仪表） is called a multimeter，which is used to measure electricity. 这种仪表称为万用表，用来测量电。 Last week I saw Modern Times with Charles Chaplin playing the leading role, which I think one of the most amusing films. ( and I think it…) 上周我看了Charles Chaplin?主演的《摩登时代》， 我认为这是最有趣的影片之一。 3.融合法 There is a man downstairs who wants to see you. 楼下有人要见你。 用于限定性定语从句，突出从句的意义 4.译成状语从句 注意句子间的逻辑关系：因果、让步、目的、条件 You must grasp the concept of “work”（功） which is very important in physics. 你必须掌握“功”的概念，因为它在物理学中很重要。（表示原因） There was something original，independent，about the plan that pleased all of them. 这个方案富于创造性，独具一格，因此他们都很喜欢。 （表示结果） He insisted on buying another house，which he had no use for. 他坚持要再买一幢房子，尽管他并无此需