Update on Brain Tumor Imaging From Anatomy to Physiology英文电子书.pdf

Update on Brain Tumor Imaging: REVIEW ARTICLE From Anatomy to Physiology S. Cha he role of neuroimaging in patients with brain tumors is no sis of the brain environment.1 These structural and functional Tlonger simply to evaluate structural abnormality and iden- barriers create a uniquely challenging environment for brain tify tumor-related complications. By transitioning from a tumor cells to grow and prosper. As in diffuse gliomas, the purely anatomy-based discipline to one that incorporates most common type of primary brain tumor, the predominant functional, hemodynamic, metabolic, cellular, and cytoarchi- growth pattern becomes infiltrative rather than expansile tectural alterations, the current state of neuroimaging has within the functioning brain parenchyma and along the inside evolved into a comprehensive diagnostic tool that allows char- of the BBB until late in tumor growth. Complete surgical re- acterization of morphologic as well as biologic alterations to section therefore may be technically possible but usually is not diagnose and grade brain tumors and to monitor and assess performed because of unacceptable neurologic morbidity and treatment response and patient prognosis. To treat patients permanent brain injury. with brain tumors without the use of neuroimaging is impos- No matter what type of histologic features or genetic ori- sible to imagine. The intense efforts to develop, validate, and gin, brain tumors all have in common that they are confined clinically implement quantitative, biology-driven neuroimag- by the inherent barriers of the brain and must learn to survive ing methodologies are of utmost importance in selecting and and t