Agricultural Biogas and CDM 农业沼气与CDM.ppt

Basic CDM Know-How 基础知识 The United Nations adopted the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1992. 1992年通过的《联合国气候变化框架公约》 The ultimate objective of the Convention is stabilization of GHG concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system 公约的终极目标：阻止人类活动对气候系统的危险性影响，将大气中温室气体的浓度稳定在一个安全的水平上 Basic CDM Know-How 基础知识 The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, in December 1997 1997年12月，在日本京都，通过了《京都议定书》 The Protocol defines quantified greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction targets for developed countries (Annex I Parties) 规定了发达国家（附件1国家）的温室气体减排义务 The near-term challenge is to achieve the Kyoto targets 完成《京都议定书》设定的目标是我们近期内面临的挑战 The longer-term challenge is to meet the objectives of Article 2 of the UNFCCC, i.e., stabilization of GHG concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system 长期内的挑战是完成《联合国气候变化框架公约》第二条设立的目标，即阻止人类活动对气候系统的危险性影响，将大气中温室气体的浓度稳定在一个安全的水平上 Basic CDM Know-How 基础知识 The Kyoto Protocol defines three innovative “flexible mechanisms” that are available to lower the overall costs of a country in achieving its emission reduction target. These mechanisms also enable Parties to access cost-effective opportunities that can help reduce emissions or remove carbon from the atmosphere in other countries. While the cost of limiting emissions varies considerably from region to region, the benefit to the atmosphere is the same wherever the action is taken. These three mechanisms are as follows: Joint Implementation (JI) Article 6 of the Protocol Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)Article 12 of the Protocol International Emissions Trading Article 17 of the Protocol Besides countries, private firms can use the Kyoto Mechanisms. Provided the private firms meet eligibility requirements for using the Kyoto Mechanisms (p60). Basic CDM Know-How 基础知识 京都议定书创造性的提出了三种灵活机制，帮助承担减排义务的国家降低减排成本。减排成本的地区性差异很大，而对全球大气