-er动词(变化).docVIP

-er动词(变化) -er动词变化式 Spelling changes occur in the stems of several groups of -er verbs in the present tense. These spelling changes reflect the pronunciation of the present tense forms. 1.一些-ler,-ter动词 You may have already noticed the spelling change in the verb sappeler (Je mappelle ..., My name is...). For verbs like appeler (to call), rappeler (to call back) and jeter (to throw), the consonant -l or -t in the the stem doubles in all forms of the present tense, except in the first and second person plural (nous and vous). This follows the traditional boot pattern of -er verb conjugations in the present tense. （-l,-t重复，第一、第二人称复数例外，如appeler（叫），rappeler（回应）， jeter（扔）） appeler to call（叫） jappelle nous appelons tu appelles vous appelez il/elle/on appelle ils/elles appellent past participle : appelé 2. é-?-er结尾 This same boot pattern is repeated in spelling change verbs like préférer (to prefer). In these verbs the é in the last syllable of the stem changes to an è, except in the first and second person plural (nous and vous). Listen carefully to the different pronunciations of é and è in the conjugations below. （é变è，即闭音变开音） préférer to prefer（喜欢） je préfère nous préférons tu préfères vous préférez il/elle/on préfère ils/elles préfèrent past participle : préféré Verbs conjugated like préférer include: （与préférer同型动词） considérer, to consider（考虑） espérer, to hope（希望） régler, to regulate, pay, settle, adjust（调整，安置） répéter,to repeat（重复） sécher, to dry, skip (a class)（晾干、掠过） 3. e-?-er结尾 In verbs which are conjugated like acheter (to buy), the e in the last syllable of the stem also changes to an è, again with the exception of the first and second person plural forms. （e变è，变开音） acheter to buy（买） jachète nous achetons tu achètes vous achetez il/elle/on achète ils/elles achètent past participle : acheté Verbs conjugated like acheter include: （与acheter同型动词） amener, to bring somebody (along)（带来） emmener, to take somebody (along)（带去） lever, to li