流程分析的6步法.PPT

生产运作管理流程分析chapter 3 学习目标 学过本章以后，你将能 : 描述： 流程图 掌握和学会： 流程绩效的三个主要指标和律特法则 确定流程的能力和瓶颈 计算流程利用率和能力利用率 流程分析的6步分析方法 玩具小熊 需求不确定，市场难预测 柔性生产 混合批量流水线 8小时的工作时间按7小时计算 玩具小熊—continued 1个班次可以生产多少小熊？如果1周生产7天，1天上3班，那么1周能生产多少？哪项作业是瓶颈作业？ 如果所有工人按照生产主管所观察的速度工作，并且假定有充足的资源投入，那么当1个班次结束时各工序累积有多少在制品库存？ 如果生产主管要求他的工人按瓶颈作业（也就是没有在制品堆积作业）的时间完成每一项作业，那么在1个班次中，每个工人的赋闲时间是多少？工人的时间利用率是多少？ 流程图的描绘 流程绩效的三个主要指标 流程绩效的三个主要指标—continued 三个基本度量指标 库存/在制品 流程时间 生产率 流程的律特法则 流程的律特法则—continued 流程的律特法则—continued 瓶颈和流程能力 瓶颈和流程能力—continued 瓶颈和流程能力—continued 瓶颈和流程能力—continued 流程利用率与能力利用率 流程利用率与能力利用率—continued 流程分析的6步法 流程分析的6步法—continued 流程分析的6步法—continued 流程分析的6步法—continued 流程分析的6步法—continued 流程分析的6步法—continued 流程分析的6步法—continued 流程分析的6步法—continued 流程分析的6步法—continued 流程分析的6步法—continued 流程分析的6步法—continued 流程分析的6步法—continued 小结 Points which might be emphasized include: - Statistical process control measures the performance of a process, it does not help to identify a particular specimen produced as being “good” or “bad,” in or out of tolerance. - Statistical process control requires the collection and analysis of data - therefore it is not helpful when total production consists of a small number of units - While statistical process control can not help identify a “good” or “bad” unit, it can enable one to decide whether or not to accept an entire production lot. If a sample of a production lot contains more than a specified number of defective items, statistical process control can give us a basis for rejecting the entire lot. The issue of rejecting a lot which was actually good can be raised here, but is probably better left to later. This slide provides a framework for differentiating between “Process Control” and “Acceptance Sampling,” and “Variables” and “Attributes.” One might also raise the distinction between producer (process control) and customer (acceptance sampling). The next several slides deal with these distinctions. Once the categories are outlined, students may be asked to pr