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AsianJournalofAndrology(2011)13,76-80
@2011AJA.SlMM&SJTU.Allrightsrese~ed1008-682~11$32.00
www.nature.com/aja
REVlEW
Thepaternalepigenomeandembryogenesls:po,s,ng
mechanismsfordevelopment
T~ othyGJenkinsandDouglasTCarreU’。
ThescopeofpaternaIcontributionsduringearlyembryonicdevelopmenthaslongbeenconsideredlimited.Dramaticchangesin
chromatinstructurethroughoutspermatogenesishavebeenthoughttoleavethespermvoidofcomplexIayersofepigeneticregulation
overtheDNAblueprint,thusleavingthebalanceofthatregulationtotheoocyte.However,recentworkjnthefieldsofepigeneticsand
malefactorinfertilityhasplacedthislong-held,andnowcontroversiaIdogma。inanewlight.Elegantstudiesinvestigatingchromatin
andepigeneticmodificationsinthedevelopingsperm cellhaveprovidednewinsightsthatmayestablishamorecriticalroleforthe
paternalepigenomeinthedevelopingembryo.DNAmethylation,histonetaiImodifications.targetedhistoneretentionandprotamine
incorporationintothechromatinhavegreatinfluenceinthedevelopingsperm cell。Perturbetionsintheestablishmentand/or
maintenanceofanyoftheseepigeneticmarkshavebeendemonstratedtoa什ectfertilitysattus.ranginginseverityfrom mildto
caatstrophic.Sperm requirethismyriadofchromatinstructuralchangesnotonlytoserveaprotectiveroletoDNAthroughout
spermatogenesisandfuturedelivery totheegg。butalso,itappears,tocontributetothedevelopmenatlprogram ofthefutureembryo.
Thisreviewwillfocusonourcurrentunderstandingoftheepigeneticsofsperm.WewilIdiscusssperm-spe cificchromatin
modificationsthatresultingenesessentialtodevelopmentbe ingpoisedforactivationearlyinembryonicdevelopment.thedisruption
ofwhichmayresultinreducedfecundity.
AsianJournalofAndrology(2011)13,76—80;doj:10.1038/ala.2010.61;publishedonIiRe25October2010
Keywords:chromatin;DNAmethylation;embryogenesis;epigenetics;histonemodification;maleinfertility
lNTR0DUCTl0N M
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