中考英语复习专辑—名词性从句.docxVIP

中考英语复习专辑——:名词性从句十二、语法复习:名词性从句　(主语从句,宾语从句, 表语从句, 同位语从句)主语从句主语从句的语序主语从句要求使用陈述句语序，而非一般疑问句语序。如：What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well. How he was successful is still a puzzle. 连接词的选用（1）that和what的选用that和what都可引导主语从句。what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当某些成分，可作从句的主语、宾语或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，无词义，只起连接词作用。如：What he wants is a book. 他想要的是一本书。That light travels in straight lines is known to all. 众所周知，光线沿直线运行。（2）if和whether的选用引导主语从句，不能用if，只能用whether。如：Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 我们明天是否在户外开晚会要看天气而定。（3）其它连接代词和副词的选用根据主语从句的具体意义，正确的选择who, which, when, where, why, how等连接词，这些连接词既有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。如：When we shall hold our sports meet is not decided. 我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。Who broke the glass yesterday is not clear. 还不清楚昨天谁打破了玻璃。Which car you will choose to buy makes no difference. 你决定买哪一辆车都不会有任何区别。（4）whatever / whoever的功用whatever, whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。whatever = anything that; whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别。如：Whoever breaks the law should be punished. （主语从句）（＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. ）Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. （让步状语从句）（＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished. ）it构成的主语从句（1）由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下会放到句子的后面，而用代词it作形式主语。谓语是seem, appear, be certain, be a pity, be a wonder, be ones hope, be likely等词或短语时。It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun. 众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。需要注意的是，it作形式主语代替主语从句时，要注意和as引导的定语从句的区别。试比较：It was reported that the US was under the terrorist attack. （主语从句，有that，无逗号）As was reported, the US was under the terrorist attack. （定语从句，无that，有逗号）上两句意为“据报道，美国遭到恐怖分子的袭击”。用于It is suggested / required / ordered / demanded that...句型中,动词为表示命令、建议、要求等意义的词。主语从句应使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用should + 动词原形,should可以省略。例如: It is suggested that you (should) spend more time in studying English. 你应该花更多的时间学习英语。（2）常见用it作形式主语的复合句结构1.It is a fact （a good idea / a pity / a shame / no wonder / good news…）that…如：Its a pity that you missed the film. 你没