北师大版高中英语选修六第6讲：Unit17 Laughter-语法篇（教师版）.docxVIP

Unit 17Laughter语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________掌握过去完成进行时的用法。掌握并区分进行时态与非进行时态的用法。掌握过去完成进行时与现在完成进行时、过去完成时及过去进行时的区别。一. 过去完成进行时1. 定义：过去完成进行时是表示一个动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到另一个过去时刻，到那个时刻，该动作可能刚刚终止，也有可能还在继续。2. 构成：肯定式疑问式否定式疑问否定式I had been workingHad I been working?I had not been working.Had I not been working?He / She / It had been working.Had he / she/ it been working?He / She / It had not been working.Had he / she/ it not been working?We had been working.Had we been working?We had not been working.Had we not been working?You had been working.Had you been working?You had not been working.Had you not been working?They had been working.Had they been working?They had not been working.Had they not been working?3. 用法：①过去完成进行时表示在过去某一时间之前一直进行着的动作。He said he had been standing in the wind all the morning. 他说他在风中站了一上午了。Before I worked in the factory, I had been working as a secretary in the local government. 在我来这个工厂之前，我一直在当地政府部门做秘书工作。②过去完成进行时表示过去某个确定的时间内反复进行的动作。The man had been visiting your office several times before you arrived, Tom said to me. 汤姆对我说：“在你到来之前这个人已到过你的办公室好几次了。”③过去完成进行时表示到过去的某个时间点还在进行的动作。She told me that she had been writing letters since breakfast. 她告诉我她从吃过早饭就一直在写信。④过去完成进行时表示一定的感情色彩。过去完成进行时有时可表示强烈的感情色彩，如表达喜欢或厌恶等感情。I never thought he had been doing that kind of thing to you. 我怎么也没想到他居然对你做那种事。误区警示：某些不能用于进行时的动词，同样不能用于过去完成进行时。分类如下：感官动词（非有意识的动作）hear, see, smell, notice, feel, taste等表达情感状态的动词love, hate, like, desire, wish, mind, appreciate, dislike, fear, envy, care等表示心理活动的动词know, realize, understand, recognize, believe, feel, suppose, think, imagine, doubt, remember, forget, want, need, prefer, mean, agree等表示“占有”的动词（短语）belong to, own, possess, have等其他表示存在状态的动词（短语）seem, look, appear, cost, owe, weight, be, exist, consist of, contain, include等二. 进行时态与非进行时态的区别1. 进行时态表示动作未完成，非进行时态表示动作已完成。比较：The Greens were watching a football match on TV. 格林一家正在看电视上播出的足球