英汉翻译第6章(増译和减译).pptVIP

English-Chinese Translation （英汉翻译 ） Linda 本课件版权属于河北工程大学经管学院徐运红老师。版权所属，谨慎使用！ 第六章 词的増译和减译 增词的目的是为了连接上下文或是为了避免译文意义含混不清。 减词的目的是为了忠实，通顺，简洁地表达原文的意义。 增词不增意，减词不减意 第一部分 增补法 一、根据句法的需要（语法或结构增词） （一）增补原文中省略的动词 Histories make man wise; poems witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. 历史使人明智；诗歌使人遐想；数学使人精细；科学使人深刻；伦理使人庄重；逻辑修辞使人善辩。 （二）增补原文回答句中的省略部分 “How shall I do it” “Just as you wish” 我该怎么办呢？ 你想怎么办就怎么办。 （三）增补原文比较句中的省略部分 Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own. 从别人的失败中吸取教训比从自己的失败中吸取教训更好 It is better to be wise by the defeat of others than to be wise by the defeat of your own.(原句) The footmen were as ready to serve her as they were their own mistress。 仆人们愿意服侍她，就像他们愿意服侍他们的女主人一样。 The footmen were as ready to serve her as they were ready to serve their own mistress.(原文) （四）增补原文含蓄条件句的省略部分 At the time of Kennedy’s assassination, Kissinger felt that a second term would have led either to greatness or to disaster. 肯尼迪遇刺时，基辛格认为，如果肯尼迪在任下一届总统时，不是丰功伟业就是灾难重重。 二、根据意义上或修辞上的需要 （一）增加动词 In the evening ,after the banquets ,the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he could work on the drafting of the final communique . 晚上，在参加宴会，出席音乐会，观看乒乓球表演之后，他还要起草最后公报。 （二）增加形容词 The plane twisted under me, trailing flame and smoke. （敌人的）飞机在下面螺旋下降，拖着浓烟烈焰掉了下去。 With what enthusiasm the Chinese people are building socialism. 中国人民正在以多么高的热情建设社会主义啊 ！ （四）增加副词 The crowds melted away. 人群渐渐散开了。 （五）增加名词 1. 在不及物动词后面增加名词 To wash before meal 饭前洗手 To wash before going to bed 睡前洗脚 To wash after getting up 起床后洗脸 First you borrow, then you beg. 头一遭借钱，下一遭就讨饭。 2. 在形容词前增加名词 He is a complicated man – moody mercurial, with a melancholy streak. 他是一个性格复杂的人-喜怒无常，反复多变，有些忧郁寡欢。 3. 抽象名词后增加名词 persuasion 说服工作 preparation准备工作 backwardness 落后状态 tension 紧张局势 arrogance 自满情绪 madness 疯狂行为 antagonism 敌对态度 We were all greatly moved by his loftiness. 我们都被他那种崇高品质所深深感染。 4. 在具体名词后增加名词 He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge,