诗歌的特点课件.pptVIP

Characteristics of English Poems Contents Ⅰ. Meter Ⅱ. Foot Ⅲ. Rhythm [rie?m] Ⅳ. Rhyme [raim] Ⅴ. Rhyme Scheme Ⅵ. Forms of poem Ⅰ.meter （格） The regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables. Types: “︶” stands for unstressed syllable “_” represents stressed syllable. “\” is used to separate different feet. 1． 抑扬格Iambus [ai?mb?s] 是最常见的一种格式，每个音步由一个非重读音节加一个重读音节构成。 As fair / art thou / my bon/nie lass,So deep / in luve / am I :And I / will luve / thee still,/ my dear,Till a` / the seas / gang dry: Robert Burns(1759-1796): My Luve Is like a Red, Red Rose注:art=are ? luve=love ? bonnie=beautiful ? a`=all ? gang=go上例中为四音步与三音步交叉，可标示为： ︶－／︶－／︶－／（︶－） 2．扬抑格Trochee [tr?uki:]每个音步由一个重读音节加一个非重读音节构成。 Tyger!/ Tyger!/ burning / bright? In the / forests / of the / night William Blake: The Tyger 上例中为四音步扬抑格（少一个轻音节），可标示为：－︶／－︶／－︶／－ 3． 抑抑扬格Anapaest [?n?pi:st] foot每个音步由两个非重读音节加一个重读音节构成。 Like a child / from the womb,Like a ghost / from the tomb,I arise / and unbuild / it again. 三音步抑抑扬格 ︶︶－／︶︶－／︶︶－ 4． 扬抑抑格 Dactylic [d?ktilik] foot每个音步由一个重读音节加两个非重读音节构成。 ˊTouch her not / ˊscornfully,ˊThink of her / ˊmournfully.? ? ? ? -- Thomas Hood ? scornfully[sk?:nf?li]adv. 轻蔑地；藐视地 mournfully[m?:nf?li]adv. 悲哀地；凄惨地两音步扬抑抑格 －︶︶／－︶︶ 5． 抑扬抑格 Amphibrach [?mfibr?k]每个音步由一个非重读音节加一个重读音节再加一个非重读音节构成。 如：三音步抑扬抑格︶－︶／︶－︶／︶－︶下例中最后一个音步为抑扬格。 O ˊhush thee / my ˊbabie / thy ˊsire was / a knight. 注：在同一首诗中常会出现不同的格律，格律解析对朗读诗歌有一定参考价值。现代诗中常不遵守规范的格律。 Ⅱ. Foot （音步） A unit of poetic meter of stressed and unstressed syllable Types: Monometer: one foot; Pentameter: five feet Dimeter: two feet; Hexameter: six feet Trimeter: three feet; Heptameter: seven feet Tetrameter: four feet; Octameter: eight feet Ⅲ. Rhythm （节奏/韵律） The passage of regular or approximately equivalent time intervals between definite events or the recurrence of specific sounds or kinds of sounds or the recurrence of stressed and unstressed syllables is called rhythm. Twinkle, twinkle, little star, H