实体公共卫生间冲水习惯养成装置.docxVIP

北京航空航天大学“冯如杯”作品大赛参赛论文公共卫生间冲水习惯养成装置项目编号院（系）名称电子信息工程学院 专业名称电子信息工程作者姓名学号指 导 教 师 2012年3月摘要目前，卫生间的冲水系统主要有脚踏式冲水器、红外感应自动冲水器、定时冲水器，虽然这些冲水器能改善卫生间环境，但因不能促使人们养成便后冲水的习惯，所以不能从根本上解决问题。 “公共卫生间冲水习惯养成装置”主要致力于简易加装已有脚踏式蹲便器，改变便后不冲水的现象，并帮助人们养成便后冲水的习惯。该装置以51单片机为主体，通过接收处理感应冲水按键，电磁感应器，室内按键等元件的信号，实现对电机和数码管等元件的控制，以达到预期效果。如厕者进入卫生间后，位于门锁上的电磁感应器检测到门的关闭，由单片机控制直流电机自动上锁。如厕结束后，开锁方法分为外部开锁和内部开锁。外部开锁方式为转动位于门锁外侧的旋钮，门即可以打开，方便进入卫生间。内部开锁有两种方法：踩下冲水踏板，触动感应冲水按键，以电子的方法自动开锁；和使用在卫生间内固定住的钥匙，以相对于踩踏板较为复杂的方式开门，这种方法主要是针对断电等特殊情况设计的。根据“可用性启发机制”，人们往往会主动选择冲水这个简便方式开门，从而将逐渐养成便后自觉冲水的习惯。关键字：单片机、电磁传感器、可用性启发机制、电子机械门锁AbstractAt the present, toilet flushing method mainly consists of the pedal-powered flushing apparatus, the automatic infrared sensing flushing apparatus and the flushing apparatus with a calculagraph. However, the hygienic conditions of public toilets have not been improved radically and are still abominable, for the reason that all these flushing apparatus cannot urge people to form the habit of flushing toilets after defecating. Public toilet flushing habit developing device mainly focus on transforming existing pedal-powered Flushing apparatus, to ameliorate the condition of public toilet and help people to develop the habit of flushing toilets after defecating.The device is mainly controlled by 51 SCM. By receiving andprocessing the signal emitted from induction flush buttons, electromagnetic sensor and indoor buttons, the device is able to realize the control of motor and nixie tube. When someone getsinto the bathroom, the electromagnetic sensor located on the lock can detect the shut and SCM conducts the motor to lock the door automatically. There are two ways to unlock the door. One way is to spin the knob from outside to get into the bathroom; the other way is to tread the pedal so that the induction flush buttons can be touched to open the door from inside automatically. Meanwhile, to deal with a power-off, one can also use the fixed key to open the door from inside, which is more complex. According