[英语考试]北京地区专升本英语辅导.docVIP

第一章 动词时态 1. 一般在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作：常用的连词有as soon aswhen，tillif等。. 一般过去时：used to take the dog for a walk after supper when he lived here. Now he is used to browsing the newspapers in the evening. The pan is used for cooking. 3. 一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态。　　will (shall) +原形动词：某些表示开始、终结、往来行动的动词如：go ,come, start, arrive leave等的现在进行时可表示将来。 are leaving for Brasilia tomorrow. The foreign guests are arriving in Jinan tonight by air.  Are you going to attend the lecture tomorrow afternoon? c) be to +动词原形： 表示安排或计划好了的动作。　　The new road to the museum is to be open to traffic before National Day.　　be about to +动词原形：表示即将发生的动作。　　The lecture is about to begin.  4. 过去将来时表示在过去预计将要发生的动作，常用于宾语从句。　　 wanted to know when the sports meet would start. 5. 现在进行时表示此时此刻（说话时）正在进行的动作。现阶段正在进行的动作，但此刻并不一定在进行。 an English class in Beijing Normal University. The workers are building a museum near the stadium. Gymnasium 6. 过去进行时表示在过去某一段时间正在进行的动作。常用表示过去的时间状语或通过上下文来判断。e sailor was reading a French novel from seven to nine last night.　　　　when 和while 的用法While John was eating, my brother-in-law walked to him and asked him to lend him $100. When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building c) 表示过去将来的动作。现在进行时可以表示将来的动作，同样，过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时间看将来要发生的动作。he president was leaving early the next morning.　现在完成时表示动作刚刚结束（常和just, already, yet等词连用）；或表示动作的结果（一般不用时间状语）。　　 has just turned off the light.、 　表示过去某时开始的动作一直延续到现在，并且可能会继续延续下去（常用since引导的短语或从句，或由for 引导的短语连用）。　 has been engaged in the research for 30 years. 　　They’ve known each other since childhood. 　　非延续性动词的完成时和it is +时间+since…..（过去时）　　英语中有些动词不能延续， 因此不能和表示延续的时间状语连用。　It is (has been) an hour since the delegation arrived here. It is 3 years since the diver left Shanghai. d) have (has) been to 和havehas) gone to 的区别　havehas) been to:去过某地（表示某人的一种经历），可以和oncetwice, often, never, ever连用。　havehas) gone to: e.g. The novelist has gone to the Yellowstone National Park. The novelist has been to the Yellowstone National Park