汽车主减速器壳体组合夹具研发设计.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 23 摘 要 组合机床是以通用部件，配以工件特定外形和加工工艺设计的专用部件和夹具，组成的半自动或自动专用机床。它一般采用多轴、多刀、多工序、多面或多工位同时加工的方式，生产效率比通用机床高几倍甚至几十倍。由于通用部件已经标准化和系列化，可根据需要灵活配置，能缩短设计和制造周期。因此，组合机床兼有低成本和高效率的优点，在大批量生产中得到的广泛应用，并可用以组成自动生产线。 本课题是针对汽车减速器壳体侧端面上4-M16X1.5孔钻销这一特定工序而设计的一台专用立式组合机床。 本设计中，在充分数据计算得基础上对标准通用零件做了仔细选择。并依据被加工零件的结构特点、加工部位的尺寸精度、表面粗糙度要求以及定位夹紧方式、工艺方法和加工过程所采用的道具、生产率、切削用量情况等、设计了结构合理的组合机床。 关键词：组合机床；工艺流程；生产率；自动生产线 ABSTRACT With the general components as the basic structure.the combined machine tool is a kind of semi-automatic or automatic specific machine composed by the specific components and clamps for the specific workpiece shape and processing technology design.It generally applines stamulous processing fromthe aspects of multi-axis,multi-cutter,multi-procedure,multi-surface or multi-station so that the production efficien is several times and even more higher than the general machine tool.Owing to the standardization and serialization of the general components,the configuration can be made flexibly to shorten the circle of design and manufacture.Therefore,with the advantages of low cost and high efficiency,the combined machine tool is applied to be prduction in a large quantity anto from the automatic production line. On the specific procedure of 4-M16x1.5 hole drilling of the auto speed reducer housing end,the vertical combined machine tools is designed specifically. On the basis of the complete data calculation, the stabdard general parts ischosen. The multi-axis box with reasonable structure is designed based on the structure features of theprocessed parts,the surface roughness,the locating and clamping ways,the technological approach as well as the cutter,production efficiency,cutting parameter in the combined machine tool. Key words: Combined machine tool;clamp;multi-axis;Automatic production line 1 绪论 1.1机床在国民经济的地位及其发展简史 现代社会中，人们为了高效、经济地生产各种高质量产品，日益广泛的使用各种机器、仪器和工具等技术设备与装备。为制造这些技术设备与装备，又必须具备各种加工金属零件的设备，诸如铸造、锻造、焊接、冲压和切削加工设备等。由于机械零件的形状精度、尺寸精度和表面粗糙度，目前主要靠切削加工的方法来达到，特别是形状复杂