限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句区别.pptVIP

* Defining and Non-defining Clauses objective To use the Defining and Non-defining Clauses correctly 语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。 Read these sentences and discuss which words in the sentences the clauses (in italics) refer to. There were inventions and developments in China which were not available in Europe at that time. Marco was lucky enough to meet another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China. The prisoner then wrote the stories in a book called The Description of the World, which became one of the best-selling books in Europe. Which of the clauses above gives 1) information to identify the person(s) / object(s) ? (defining clause) 2) extra information about a person or a thing, which can be left out? (non-defining clause) 限制性定语从句: 所谓限制性定语从句就是先行词在意义 上不可缺少定语, 如果去掉, 主句就失 去意义或意义不完整。这种从句和先行 词的关系十分密切, 写时不用逗号和主 句分开。 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句: Do you remember the girl who taught us English？ 你还记得教我们英语的那个女孩吗？ (如果把从句部分去掉, 整个句子的含 义就变了。) 非限制性定语从句: 非限制性定语从句和主句的关系并不十 分密切, 只是对先行词做些附加说明, 如 果去掉, 主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从 句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开。在讲话 时须停顿，一般不用that引导。 Mr. Zhang, who came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of mine. 张先生昨天来看我，他是我的一位朋友。 (去掉从句, 主句的意义仍然完整: 张先生是我的一位朋友。) 2. We walked down the village street, where they were having market day. 我们沿着村里的大街向前走去，村民们正在那里赶集。 (去掉从句, 主句的意义仍然完整:我们沿着村里的大街向前走去。) 只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。 是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整 意义上 用逗号“ ，”与主句隔开 不用逗号“ ，”与主句隔开 形式上 非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 3. 不可用who 代替whom 3. 可用who代替 whom 2. 不用that 2. 可用that 1. 不可省略 1. 作宾语时可省略 关系词的使用上 通常译成主句的并列句 译成先行词的定语：“……的 ” 译法上 非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 引导非限制性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整个句子。 That Peter will marry Alice, which has not been announced yet, has spread around. 皮特要娶爱丽丝这件事，还没宣布，却已穿得沸沸扬扬。句中的which指代“皮特要娶爱丽丝”这件事。 除which 外，还可用when, where, who, whom等关系副词或代词引导非限制性定语从句。 After graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, where I spent my childhood and four y