濮阳雷暴活动规律和雷灾特征.DOCVIP

濮阳市雷暴的活动规律和突变分析 刘九玲1 张涵2 张明捷1 赵桂芳1 王慧芳1 （1濮阳市气象局 河南 濮阳 457000；2南方医科大学第二临床医学院2012级临床医学二 广东 广州 510280） 摘要：利用濮阳市1990年-2013年的雷暴观测资料，统计分析了濮阳市雷暴活动的气候特征，结果显示：濮阳市的雷暴时间尺度分布很不均匀，7月份偏多，；20世纪90年代中期到21世纪年雷暴日偏多，近十年来雷暴日偏少些，近年又有上升趋势，年际变化幅度大，季节性特点非常显著，集中出现在4-9月，夏季的雷暴日数为全年的75%。年雷暴日数呈现上升趋势，气候倾向率为0.02/10a，雷暴日的日数变化在距平波动图上发生明显突变，突变年份为1994年，并且通过了信噪比的显著性检验，图变前的平均值为22.2，突变后平均值为17.9；前后平均值的差值为4.3，濮阳的雷击伤亡事件主要发生在农村，造成的财产损失主要在市区，近年来雷击次数及所造成的损失呈现上升趋势。 关键词：雷暴 时间尺度 雷灾特征 Thunderstorm Activity Regularity and Abrupt Change Analysis in Puyang Region Liu Jiuling，Zhang ， (1.Puyang Meterologieal Bureau Puyang He’nan 457000; 2.The Second Clinical College of Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong 510280) Abstract: Based on the thunderstorm observational data of Puyang areas from 1990 to 2013, this article statistically analyzes the climate characteristics of thunderstorm activity . The results show that Puyang thunderstorm distribution on time scale is very uneven. The distribution is plentiful in July. The thunderstorm days from the middle of the 1990s to the 21st century are more than the last ten years. Recently, the thunderstorm days are upward trend, and the interannual change and seasonal characteristic are extremely obvious, and meanly concentrate on April to September, accounting for 75 percent of the whole year．The climate tendency rates is 0.02/10a. The change of thunderstorm days on departure fluctuation graph has a obvious mutation, which is in the year of 1994, and passed the significance testing of signal-to-noise ratio. The mean value before the mutation is 22.2,while after the mutation is 17.9,and the difference is 4.3. The lightning disaster often occurs in Puyang rural region and property loss is mainly in the city. The number of lightning strikes and loss is upward trend in recent years. Key words: thunderstorm time scale lightning disaster characteristic 引言 雷电灾害是主要的气象灾害之一，雷暴发生的多少是直接决定了雷暴灾害发生的因素，而雷暴是指大气中伴有的雷声放电现象，常发生在大气层结极不稳定、天空有积雨云存在的天气条件下，它出现时常伴有大风、暴雨、冰雹、龙卷风的灾害性天气。濮阳