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Angle’s classification Definition According to Angle’s classification, Class II means that the mesiobuccal cusp of the lower first molar occludes distal to the Class I position. A Class II division 2 malocclusions are characterized by a slight narrowing of the upper arch, crowding of the upper incisors with overlapping and lingual inclination, and normal nasal and lip function. British standards classification Definition According to the British Standard classification, Class II means that the lower incisor edges occlude posterior to the cingulum plateau of the upper incisors. If the upper central incisors are retroclined, Class II division 2 malocclusion will be given rise to. Aetiology The majority of Class II division 2 malocclusions arise as a result of a number of interrelated skeletal and soft tissue factors. The influence of soft tissues is usually mediated by the skeletal pattern. Skeletal pattern Anterior-posterior Mild class II Class I Class III Vertical Increased posterior facial height Decreased anterior facial height Forward rotational of growth Skeletal pattern A reduced lower facial height results in the absence of an occlusal stop to the lower incisors, which then continue to erupt leading to an increased overbite. A reduced lower facial height is associated with a forward rotational pattern of growth which has the effect of increasing overbite. Soft tissue High lower lip If the lower facial height is reduced, the lower lip line will effectively be higher. A high lower lip line will tend to retrocline the upper incisors. Bimaxillary retroclination Active muscular lips Class II division 2 incisor relationships may also result from bimaxillary retroclination caused by active muscular lips. Dental factors crowding Continued eruption of lower incisors Increased inter-incisal angle Class II division 2 incisor relationships is also related to the dental factors. 安氏分类 定义 根据安氏分类，II型指的是下颌第一磨牙的近中颊尖与正中关系比偏向远中。II型第二分类的特征是：上牙弓偏窄，上切牙