激光器和傅立叶变换系统.docVIP

Chapter 8 Laser and Fourier transform system 激光器和傅立叶变换系统 §8-1 Stimulated emission 受激辐射 §8-2 the type of laser 激光器的类型 §8-3 Characteristic parameters of laser 激光器的特性参数 §8-4 Laser optical system 激光光学系统 §8-5 Fourier Transform System 傅立叶变换系统 Chapter 8 Laser and Fourier transform system Laser: Light Amplification by Stimulated emission of radiation Laser is autgrowth of the Maser 1960: The fist laser by T.H.Maiman §8-1 Stimulated emission Metastable states Optical pumping Flourescence Population inversion Resonance Stimulated emission Polarization Coherence Fabry-perot interferometry Cavity oscillation ----10 basic principles The principle of laser Laser emits light, must satisfy two conditions: ①population inversion by optical pumping or electric pumping many atoms can be raised from the ground state to excited states. ②avalanche magnification by resonator According to the resonance principle, as a photon passer by another nearby atom, in the same metastable state, it can immediately stimulate that atom, to radiate a photon of the exact same frequency, direction and polarization and exactly the same phase and speed. Resonance In which wave can be used over and over principle: Fabry-perot interferometer photons moving at an appreciable angle to the walls of the cavity, will escape and be lost; moving parallel to the axis will reflect back and forth from end to end. System will oscillate of laser depend upon: high reflectance at the end mirrors high population density of metastable atoms. §8-2 the type of laser The Ruby Laser Transparent crystal of () doped with 0.05 chromium ions . Ends polished flat and parallel, later beveled at Brewster’s angle. High-intensity helical flash lamp provides pumping light to produce a population inversion. For some purposes, both end mirrors are fully silvered, and a center spot on one is left clear to transmit part of the light as a narrow emergent beam. ⑵ Helium-Neon l