候鸟迁徙过程中雄性早现的六种假说及未来研究热点.PDFVIP

动 物 学 研 究 2010，Aug. 31(4): 446−452 CN 53-1040/Q ISSN 0254-5853 Zoological Research DOI ：10.3724/SP.J.1141.2010.04446 候鸟迁徙过程中“雄性早现”的六种假说及未来研究热点 惠 鑫，马志军* (复旦大学 生物多样性科学研究所, 生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室,长江河口湿地生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 上海 200433) 摘要：“雄性早现” (protandry) 是指雄性相对于雌性更早进入繁殖状态或更早到达繁殖地的现象。该文针对候 鸟的雄性比雌性在春季时更早到达繁殖地这一现象，介绍了雄性早现的 6 种假说，即等级优势 (rank advantage) 假说、敏感性 (susceptibility) 假说、限制性 (constraint) 假说、交配机会 (mate opportunity) 假说、等待代价 (waiting cost) 假说和配偶选择 (mate choice) 假说，并通过近年来的研究证据阐述了上述假说对解释候鸟雄性早 现的适用性。此外，对鸟类雄性早现未来研究中可能的热点问题做了展望。 关键词: 雌性；雄性；雄性早现；候鸟；迁徙；到达日期 中图分类号：Q958.13 ；Q959.708 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0254-5853-(2010)04-0446-07 Six Hypotheses of Protandry in Migratory Birds and Study Hotspots in the Future * HUI Xin, MA Zhi-Jun (Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 ，China) Abstract: Protandry refers the earlier arrival at breeding sites or reproductive stages of males than females. Focusing on the general phenomenon of males arriving at breeding sites earlier than females in migratory birds, we introduced six hypotheses for explaining the protandrous arrival, including rank advantage, susceptibility, constraint, mate opportunity, waiting cost, and mate choice hypothesis. We also discussed the a